Measuring contact angle of immiscible liquids

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Measuring the contact angle between immiscible liquids in a tube is challenging due to limited literature on the subject. Suggested methods include using a profile projector or optical comparator, as well as optical or ultrasonic sensors. By advancing the sensor along the tube's axis, one can identify the point where the conical surface of the contact annulus reflects back to the sensor. It is important to block the direct axial reflection during this measurement process. Accurate measurements can be obtained using a micrometer or an LVDT to track sensor position.
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I am looking for sources which describe how to measure the contact angle between immiscible liquids in a tube. The literature seems to be extremely lacking so if anyone has any knowledge I would appreciate the help.
 
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A profile projector (aka optical comparator) perhaps?
 
You might use an optical or an ultrasonic sensor. As you advance the sensor along the axis of the tube there will be a point where the conical surface of the contact annulus reflects directly back to the sensor. Block the direct axial reflection. Measure the sensor position with a micrometer or an LVDT.
 

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