Why Does Iron Have a Higher Molar Specific Heat Than Its Debye Value?

In summary, iron has a molar specific heat greater than the Debye value of 3R due to the specific temperature known as Debye temperature. Its heat capacity increases with temperature and reaches a saturation value of approximately 3R. This is because most solid materials expand upon heating and contract when cooled, with the extent of expansion being indicated by the linear coefficient of thermal expansion. Materials with strong atomic bonding, such as iron, have low thermal expansion coefficients and high melting temperatures.
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izzmach
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Why does iron have molar specific heat greater than Debye value 3R?
 
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Specific temperature known as Debye temperature. The saturation value is approximately equal to 3R.

Heat capacity increases with temperature and reaches a limiting value of 3R =25 JK-1mol-1, where R is the gas constant
Most solid materials expand upon heating and contract when cooled. The parameter is called the linear coefficient of thermal expansion; it is a material property that is indicative of the extent to which a material expands upon heating, and has units of reciprocal temperature [(0C)-1 or (0F)-1]. If a very deep energy trough caused by strong atomic bonding is characteristic of the material, the atoms separate to a lesser and the material has low linear coefficient of thermal expansion. This relationship also suggests that materials having a high melting temperature – also due to strong atomic bonds – have low thermal expansion coefficients.
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What is molar specific heat?

Molar specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one degree Celsius.

How is molar specific heat measured?

Molar specific heat is typically measured experimentally by measuring the change in temperature of a known mass of a substance when a known amount of heat is added.

What is the significance of molar specific heat?

Molar specific heat is important in understanding how different substances respond to changes in temperature and how they store and release heat energy.

What is the relationship between molar specific heat and specific heat?

Molar specific heat is the specific heat of a substance divided by its molar mass. It is a more fundamental property that allows for direct comparisons between substances of different molar masses.

What is the Debye model?

The Debye model is a theoretical model that describes the heat capacity of solids at low temperatures. It takes into account the atomic vibrations in a solid and predicts that the heat capacity will approach zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero.

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