Position of subshells in a bond

In summary, there are three types of p shells (Px, Py, and Pz) that are oriented in different directions. When atoms bond together, they form specific shapes based on the number of bonds and electrons. The shape of p or d subshells can alter when they are involved in a bond, as seen in molecules like phosphorus pentachloride. In this case, the p subshells become part of the molecular orbitals, which have different shapes than atomic orbitals. This is because they occupy the entire molecule rather than just a specific atom. The px, py, and pz orbitals make up a vector space, allowing for the creation of molecular orbitals pointing in any direction.
  • #1
coconut62
161
1
I've learned that there are three types of p shells, namely Px, Py and Pz, each in a different direction. I've also learned that when different atoms bond together, they form specific shapes depending on the number of bonds and electrons.

I want to ask, will the shape of the p or d subshells alter when they are involved in a bond?

For example, phosphorus pentachloride. This molecule's shape is trigonal bipyramidal. The phosphorus atom definitely uses all the electrons in its outermost shell to bond with the chlorine atoms right? So what will happen to the p subshells if they were to form a trigonal bipyramidal shape?
 
Chemistry news on Phys.org
  • #2
Subshells that are involved in bonding become parts of the molecular orbitals. Shapes of molecular orbitals are different from the shapes of atomic orbitals - after all, the don't occupy just a vicinity of an atom, they occupy whole molecule.
 
  • #3
The px, py and pz orbitals span a vector space. Just like you can create a vector in real space pointing in any direction from the unit vectors pointing in x, y and z direction, you can create p orbitals pointing in any direction from the px, py and pz orbitals.
 

What is the significance of the position of subshells in a bond?

The position of subshells in a bond refers to the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom, specifically in the outermost energy level. This arrangement determines the chemical properties of an element and how it will bond with other elements.

How are subshells positioned in a bond?

Subshells are positioned in a bond based on the energy levels and the number of electrons in each subshell. The first energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons in the s subshell, the second energy level can hold a maximum of 8 electrons in the s and p subshells, and so on.

What is the relationship between subshell position and bond strength?

The position of subshells in a bond does not directly impact the strength of the bond. However, the number and arrangement of electrons in the outermost energy level can affect the bonding behavior of an element, which in turn can impact the strength of a bond.

Why do some elements form multiple bonds while others only form single bonds?

The number of bonds that an element forms depends on its electron configuration. Elements with more electrons in their outermost energy level are more likely to form multiple bonds in order to achieve a stable electron configuration. Elements with fewer electrons may only need to form single bonds to achieve stability.

How does the position of subshells affect the reactivity of an element?

The position of subshells can greatly impact the reactivity of an element. Elements with incomplete outermost energy levels (valence electrons) are more likely to react with other elements to achieve a full outermost energy level and become stable. The position of subshells also determines the type of bonds an element can form, which can affect its reactivity with other elements.

Similar threads

Replies
8
Views
989
  • Chemistry
Replies
6
Views
4K
  • Biology and Chemistry Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
1K
Replies
1
Views
955
Replies
4
Views
3K
Replies
3
Views
42K
  • Chemistry
Replies
3
Views
1K
Replies
16
Views
3K
Replies
5
Views
2K
Back
Top