Potential energy equation to force equation?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on deriving the force equation from the Morse potential energy function for a diatomic molecule, specifically nitrogen (N2). The Morse potential is expressed as U(r) = De (1-e^[-a(r-re)])², where De represents the dissociation energy, a indicates the width of the potential well, r is the atomic separation distance, and re is the equilibrium distance. The force is calculated using the equation F = -du/dx, leading to the expression F = 2aDe[e^(-2a(r-re)) - e^(-a(r-re))]. Participants noted a potential sign error in the force equation, which requires careful attention to the differentiation process.

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  • Understanding of Morse potential energy in molecular physics
  • Familiarity with differentiation in calculus
  • Knowledge of diatomic molecular structures
  • Ability to interpret and manipulate exponential functions
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  • Study the implications of sign conventions in force equations
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MattNguyen
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Homework Statement


The binding potential energy in a diatomic molecule (N2 for example) is often approximated by the Morse potential energy which has the form U(r) = De (1-e^[-a(r-re)])2 where De is a constant that reflects the well depth (dissociation energy), a is a constant that reflects the width of the well, r is the distance between the atoms, and re is the equilibrium distance. Input an expression for the force as a function of the separation distance (r).

Homework Equations


F=-du/dx

The Attempt at a Solution


F=2a*De*[e^(-2a(r-re))-e^-(a(r-re))]
I'm just unsure about the re part. I feel like I'm almost correct.
 
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MattNguyen said:

Homework Statement


The binding potential energy in a diatomic molecule (N2 for example) is often approximated by the Morse potential energy which has the form U(r) = De (1-e^[-a(r-re)])2 where De is a constant that reflects the well depth (dissociation energy), a is a constant that reflects the width of the well, r is the distance between the atoms, and re is the equilibrium distance. Input an expression for the force as a function of the separation distance (r).

Homework Equations


F=-du/dx

The Attempt at a Solution


F=2a*De*[e^(-2a(r-re))-e^-(a(r-re))]
I'm just unsure about the re part. I feel like I'm almost correct.
Looks ok except for the sign.
 
Which sign? I entered it into my online homework and it was wrong so that's why I'm asking.
 
Seems to be correct.
 
Now I have this
2 a De ( Exp ( - 2 a ( r - re ) ) - Exp ( - a ( r -| re ) ) )
and I inputted it and it says there's a sign error. I just have no idea where,
 

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