Pulley question - acceleration of an object across a horizontal surface

In summary, a horizontal surface with frictionless motion and a massless string connecting two objects of masses m(1) and m(2) can be analyzed using Fnet=ma to find the acceleration of the sliding object. By equating the net forces in the x and y directions for both objects and considering the tension as the same, the acceleration can be calculated. However, the weight of m(2) is greater than the tension, allowing it to accelerate downwards.
  • #1
kathyt.25
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0

Homework Statement


The figure shows two objects of masses m(1) and m(2). The horizontal surface allows for frictionless motion. The string ties to the two objects is massless and passes over a massless pulley that rotates without friction. If m(1)=5.63 kg and m(2)=1.57 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the sliding object?

http://session.masteringphysics.com/problemAsset/1073792/5/12.P71.jpg

We know that:
- tension m(1) = tension m(2) because they're connected
- mass of m(1), therefore we know the weight because W=mg
- mass of m(2) and we can calculate the weight too
- acceleration is a non-zero value, so Fnet=ma



Homework Equations


Fnet=ma



The Attempt at a Solution


- For the FBD for m(1), the larger object, wouldn't Fnet(x direction) = T= Ma, and Fnet (y direction) = 0 because it's on a flat surface, meaning that the normal and weight cancel out? SO the first equation would be Fnet(x)T=Ma (1)
- For the FBD for m(2), the smaller object, wouldn't Fnet(x direction)=0 since the object is just suspended in the air, and Fnet(y direction)=T-mg... so the 2nd equation would be Fnet(y)T=ma+mg (2)

(I equated Fnet in each axis to mass object * acceleration because they're both moving in that direction)

And since the Tension is the same, you could equate them to each other.. I equated
m(1)a=m(2)a+m(2)g, then isolated for a, but got the wrong answer. What am I doing wrong?!
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
For your smaller object mg is bigger than T otherwise it wouldn't accelerate.
Fnet=mg-T.You can take it from there.
 
  • #3
Thanks, that helped a lot. So it turns out that my methods of solving the problem were correct, its just that I didn't realize that W(2) > T... which is what allowed it to accelerate in the direction of W(2). Downwards.
 

FAQ: Pulley question - acceleration of an object across a horizontal surface

1. How does a pulley affect the acceleration of an object on a horizontal surface?

The presence of a pulley on a horizontal surface does not directly affect the acceleration of an object. The acceleration of the object is determined by the net force acting on it, which is affected by the mass of the object and any external forces such as friction or gravity.

2. What is the role of friction in a pulley system on a horizontal surface?

Friction is an external force that can affect the acceleration of an object on a horizontal surface. In a pulley system, friction between the pulley and the rope can cause a decrease in the overall force and therefore affect the acceleration of the object.

3. How can the mass of the object affect its acceleration in a pulley system on a horizontal surface?

The mass of an object directly affects its acceleration in a pulley system on a horizontal surface. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration is inversely proportional to the mass of the object. This means that a heavier object will have a lower acceleration compared to a lighter object under the same force.

4. How does the angle of the pulley affect the acceleration of an object on a horizontal surface?

The angle of the pulley does not directly affect the acceleration of an object on a horizontal surface. However, it can indirectly affect the acceleration by changing the direction of the force and therefore the net force acting on the object. A smaller angle may result in a smaller acceleration due to a smaller net force.

5. Can the acceleration of an object on a horizontal surface be greater than the acceleration due to gravity?

Yes, the acceleration of an object on a horizontal surface can be greater than the acceleration due to gravity. This can be achieved by applying a greater force on the object, either through an external force or by decreasing the friction in the system. However, the acceleration will always be limited by the maximum acceleration due to gravity, which is approximately 9.8 m/s².

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