Quantum Teleportation: Explaining Quantum State, Opposite Phase & Entanglement

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I'm doing a report about quantum teleportation and I am in need of a few terms to be explained to me from an article that I have read about it.

Can anyone explain a quantum state to me more thoroughly than any published website?

In the article it also says that the laser had an opposite phase than the cesium atoms, an explanation of that would be nice.

And last but not least, could someone explain to me quantum entanglement? I understand the idea of it, I guess I just need confirmation in the subject.

Any help would be very helpful and appreciated.

Thank You.
 
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Which articles?
 
It is not clear what exactly do you need, but if you need a popular non-technical explanation, I recommend the book:
Brian Greene, The Fabric of the Cosmos
 
Insights auto threads is broken atm, so I'm manually creating these for new Insight articles. Towards the end of the first lecture for the Qiskit Global Summer School 2025, Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, Olivia Lanes (Global Lead, Content and Education IBM) stated... Source: https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/quantum-entanglement-is-a-kinematic-fact-not-a-dynamical-effect/ by @RUTA
If we release an electron around a positively charged sphere, the initial state of electron is a linear combination of Hydrogen-like states. According to quantum mechanics, evolution of time would not change this initial state because the potential is time independent. However, classically we expect the electron to collide with the sphere. So, it seems that the quantum and classics predict different behaviours!
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