Rainbow Curvature: Why is it Curved?

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    Curvature Rainbow
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the curvature of rainbows, exploring the reasons behind their shape and the phenomena associated with light refraction and diffraction. Participants share insights on the geometric nature of rainbows and related visual effects.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that rainbows occur at a specific angle from the light source, suggesting that this angle contributes to their circular shape.
  • Another participant agrees, stating that rainbows are essentially large circles, with the bottom half typically obscured from view, and mentions that full circles can be observed from an airplane.
  • A different perspective is introduced, proposing that it may be more accurate to conceptualize rainbows as cones rather than circles, while acknowledging that the final visual effect remains the same.
  • Participants also discuss related visual phenomena, such as the shadow of a head in mist, which can create beautiful effects, although there is some confusion about whether this effect is caused by dust or fog.
  • There is a mention of the differences in diffraction between ice and water droplets, indicating a nuanced understanding of the optical properties involved.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express multiple competing views regarding the geometric representation of rainbows (circle vs. cone) and the nature of related visual effects, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved on these points.

Contextual Notes

Some claims depend on specific definitions of geometric shapes and the conditions under which rainbows are observed. The discussion includes assumptions about visibility and the nature of light interaction with different mediums.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to individuals exploring optics, atmospheric phenomena, or those curious about the visual effects of light and water droplets.

simon willetts
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Jus a brief musing. I understand that light refracts showing the different colours when a rainbow is formed but have never known why they are curved rather than straight. Probably a simple explanation but not known to me. Can anyone explain please
 
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The rainbow occurs at a particular angle from the light source (usually the sun). This makes it a circle.
 
Yeah, it's just a huge circle, you just can't see the bottom half. If you see a rainbow from a plane, you can actually see the whole circle.
 
I believe it is much better to think in terms of a cone than in terms of a circle. Final effect is the same though.
 
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If you want see a really beautiful effect look at the shadow of your head in mist
 
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Andy SV said:
If you want see a really beautiful effect look at the shadow of your head in mist
Yep.

brockengespenst_mgrossmann.jpg
 
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Andy SV said:
I think that is dust but it's still cool
Ice has a different way of diffraction than water drops
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/7951736812208952/
No it's fog. The effect has even a special name and Wikipedia entry here.
(Same phenomenon as in your link.)
 

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