Real Analysis - Prove f is discontinuous

In summary, the conversation discusses the problem of showing that the function f(x) = 1 for rational numbers and f(x) = 0 for irrational numbers is discontinuous at every x in the real numbers. The suggested solution involves finding a sequence (x_n) that converges to x_0, but where x_n is rational for even n and irrational for odd n. This shows that (f(x_n)) cannot converge, since it alternates between 0 and 1. Several possible sequences are proposed, including one involving the use of pi or 4.
  • #1
steelphantom
159
0

Homework Statement


Let f(x) = 1 for rational numbers x and f(x) = 0 for irrational numbers. Show that f is discontinuous at every x in R.

Homework Equations


Definition of continuity.


The Attempt at a Solution


I want to find a sequence (x_n) that converges to x_0 but that x_n is rational for even n, and irrational for odd n. This will show that (f(x_n)) cannot converge, since it will alternate between 0 and 1, and thus f is discontinuous. My problem is that I can't think of a sequence that does this!

Thanks for any help. :smile:
 
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  • #2
Step 1: Find a rational sequence that converges to [itex]x[/itex].
Step 2: Find an alternating rational/irrational sequence that converges to [itex]0[/itex].
(Hint: I suggest something of the form [itex]0,y_1,0,y_3...[/itex].)
Step 3: Add the two together.
 
  • #3
How about (x_n) = x, and (y_n) = 0, 1/pi, 0, 1/pi^2, ... ? This should work, right? Thanks.
 
  • #4
forget seqences
let U be an open set containing x
show f(U)={0,1}

If you must procede on the original path...
consider a standard rational sequence like
x_n=(n^-1)(floor(x*n)+(1/2)(1+(-1)^n))
altered like
x_n=(n^-1)(floor(x*n)+(1/sqrt(2))(1+(-1)^n))
 
  • #5
steelphantom said:
How about (x_n) = x, and (y_n) = 0, 1/pi, 0, 1/pi^2, ... ? This should work, right? Thanks.

If you know pi is irrational
maybe it is 4...
 

1. What is Real Analysis?

Real Analysis is a branch of mathematics that deals with the rigorous study of real-valued functions and their properties. It is concerned with topics such as limits, continuity, differentiation, integration, and series.

2. What does it mean for a function to be discontinuous?

A function is said to be discontinuous at a point if it fails to be continuous at that point. This means that the limit of the function at that point does not exist, or it exists but is not equal to the value of the function at that point.

3. How do you prove that a function is discontinuous?

To prove that a function is discontinuous at a point, you need to show that either the left-hand limit or the right-hand limit of the function at that point does not exist, or they exist but are not equal to each other. This can be done using the definition of continuity, by finding a point where the function fails to satisfy the definition.

4. What is an example of a discontinuous function?

A classic example of a discontinuous function is the step function, defined as f(x) = 0 for x < 0 and f(x) = 1 for x ≥ 0. Another example is the Dirichlet function, defined as f(x) = 1 for rational numbers and f(x) = 0 for irrational numbers.

5. Why is it important to study discontinuous functions in Real Analysis?

Studying discontinuous functions is important in Real Analysis because it allows us to understand and analyze the behavior of functions in different scenarios. It also helps us to identify and classify different types of discontinuities, which can have important implications in other areas of mathematics, such as calculus and differential equations.

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