Simple Harmonic Motion: Block dropped onto a spring

AI Thread Summary
A 2-kg block is dropped from 0.45 m onto a spring with a constant of 200 N/m, resulting in a calculated impact speed of 2.97 m/s. The period of simple harmonic motion (SHM) is determined to be 0.628 seconds, with the correct angular frequency formula being √(k/m). The maximum compression of the spring is found to be 0.41 m, while the amplitude of the SHM is calculated as 0.312 m by considering the difference between maximum displacement and equilibrium position. The discussion emphasizes using the correct formulas for mass-spring systems to solve related problems effectively.
gravity_dress
Messages
2
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


A 2-kg block is dropped from a height of 0.45 m above an uncompressed spring. The spring has an elastic constant of 200 N/m and negligible mass. The block strikes the end of the spring and sticks to it.
(a) Determine the speed of the block at impact
(b) Determine the period of SHM that ensues
(c) Determine the distance that the spring is compressed at the instant the speed of the block is maximum
(d) Determine the maximum compression in the spring
(e) Determine the amplitude of the SHM

Homework Equations


v^2 = 2ax
T = 2pi[rt(m/k)]
Vmax = (angular frequency omega)(amplitude x naught)
mgh=(1/2)(k)(x^2)
x(t)=(amplitude)[cos(omega t)]
v(t)=(-omega)(amplitude)sin(omega t)
a(t)=(-omega^2)(amplitude)cos(omega t)

The Attempt at a Solution


Using kinematics' v^2=2ax, obtained 2.97 m/s for part (a)
Using T = 2pi[rt(m/k)], obtained 0.628 sec for the period in part (b) --> Am I right that omega = rt(m/k) in this case? Or should it be rt(k/m)? What determines which it is?
Using conservation of energy, obtained x=0.41 m or 41 cm for part (d)

...But I'm clueless on (c) and (e). I guessed that, to solve (c), I should find what t was when sin(omega t)=1; But that gives me something preposterous near 15 seconds. How should I go about finding amplitude? How should I use the equations for x(t) and v(t)? Am I wrong to ignore the displacement factor usually included at the end of these equations?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Never mind, got it!

For anyone wondering, or with a similar problem: for part (c), set the forces equal: use ma=kx. That x is equilibrium.
For part (e), find the difference between Xmax--what you found using conservation of energy in d (for me it was 0.41 m)--and the x at equilibrium found in (c). In my case, the amplitude is 0.312 m.

Always use rt K/M in simple mass-spring systems.
 
I multiplied the values first without the error limit. Got 19.38. rounded it off to 2 significant figures since the given data has 2 significant figures. So = 19. For error I used the above formula. It comes out about 1.48. Now my question is. Should I write the answer as 19±1.5 (rounding 1.48 to 2 significant figures) OR should I write it as 19±1. So in short, should the error have same number of significant figures as the mean value or should it have the same number of decimal places as...
Thread 'Collision of a bullet on a rod-string system: query'
In this question, I have a question. I am NOT trying to solve it, but it is just a conceptual question. Consider the point on the rod, which connects the string and the rod. My question: just before and after the collision, is ANGULAR momentum CONSERVED about this point? Lets call the point which connects the string and rod as P. Why am I asking this? : it is clear from the scenario that the point of concern, which connects the string and the rod, moves in a circular path due to the string...
Thread 'A cylinder connected to a hanging mass'
Let's declare that for the cylinder, mass = M = 10 kg Radius = R = 4 m For the wall and the floor, Friction coeff = ##\mu## = 0.5 For the hanging mass, mass = m = 11 kg First, we divide the force according to their respective plane (x and y thing, correct me if I'm wrong) and according to which, cylinder or the hanging mass, they're working on. Force on the hanging mass $$mg - T = ma$$ Force(Cylinder) on y $$N_f + f_w - Mg = 0$$ Force(Cylinder) on x $$T + f_f - N_w = Ma$$ There's also...
Back
Top