In thermal conduction, electrons transfer energy through collisions without resulting in a net flow of charge, which means they do not produce a net current. The term "net current" refers to the overall movement of charge carriers, while in thermal conduction, electrons move randomly, leading to energy transfer but no directed flow. The distinction of "net" energy indicates that while individual electrons carry energy, their random motion averages out to zero net movement over time. This process highlights the difference between energy transport and charge transport in solid-state physics. Understanding these concepts is crucial for grasping the principles of thermal conduction in materials.
