To solve the equations cos 2v = cos v and sin 2v = sin v, double angle formulas are applied. For cos 2v, using the identity cos 2v = cos²v - sin²v leads to the conclusion that v must equal 0, as this satisfies the equation. The second equation, sin 2v = sin v, can also be approached similarly, but it is noted to be more complex. The discussion emphasizes the importance of selecting values for t within the range of [-1, 1]. Overall, both equations can be solved through trigonometric identities and algebraic manipulation.