Consider the possibilities that a "prestigious college" could give you, and whether these possibilities are worth the debt you'd take. If you qualify for financial aid, then the debt shouldn't be a concern. Are you a US citizen or permanent resident? Apply to the schools that can "meet your full demonstrated need." There's a list on Wikipedia.
If you're an international student, then most of the schools become "need aware", meaning that they can, and perhaps will, consider your ability to pay in the admissions decision. That's why the acceptance rate of a college such as Whitman, whose overall acceptance rate is between 30% and 40%, drops to 10% for international students seeking aid.
If you know French, you should definitely consider France. The "Classes Preparatoires aux Grandes Ecoles" are two years long (three, if you want to repeat the first year to try get a better "ecole"; not that you can't repeat the first year), and your studies would last another 3-4 years at the "ecole." There are various tracks you could go into, but if you go to an engineering (you can also go into math/physics/cs as well, depending on the track you pick) prepa, you can also apply for a "double-diplome" with your ecole, and get a "diplome" from an "ecole de commerce", like the HEC or EDHEC.
Of course, that would depend on which school you go to.
It is interesting to note that admissions at the French "grandes ecoles" are based exclusively (as far as I'm aware) on performance on the entrance exams. There is a written portion, and if one passes, there is an oral exam.
Further, I would urge you to look into whether the degrees from Polish universities would be recognized in the countries you intend to work in. Don't be so quick to dismiss the German, French, Belgian, and Dutch options. For instance, TU-Delft has an Aerospace Engineering bachelor's degree in English. France also has the INSA Lyon, and the "SCAN" track (sciences et Anglais), and that is a "grande ecole" with "prepa integree", meaning that you can enter right after high school.
Note that at most of these universities, you will probably have to take a few APs. (assuming you're in the US right now) For Germany, you should use something like uni-assist to check if your high school diploma is equivalent to the Abitur.