Thermodynamics: Vertical pipe flow of geothermal water

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the vertical flow of geothermal water in a drilling hole with specific initial conditions: water at T1=240°C and P1=16 MPa, flowing at a mass flow rate of 2 kg/s through a 0.2 m diameter hole. The solution involves calculating enthalpy (h), temperature (T2), pressure (P2), and steam percentage (x) at the top of the hole, considering the adiabatic nature of the system and the absence of pipe friction. Initial values derived from saturated liquid tables include specific volume (v1=0.001229 m³/kg) and enthalpy (h1=1037.5 kJ/kg), with the initial velocity calculated as V=0.078241 m/s. The pressure gradient and changes in specific volume as pressure decreases with elevation are critical for further calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic properties of water at varying temperatures and pressures.
  • Familiarity with the principles of adiabatic processes in fluid dynamics.
  • Knowledge of mass flow rate calculations and fluid velocity equations.
  • Experience with steam tables and the behavior of phase changes in fluids.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of the Bernoulli equation in adiabatic flow scenarios.
  • Learn how to use steam tables to find properties of water and steam at various pressures and temperatures.
  • Research the effects of pressure gradients on fluid behavior in vertical pipes.
  • Explore the concept of throttling valves and their impact on fluid dynamics in geothermal systems.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for mechanical engineers, thermodynamicists, and geothermal energy professionals involved in fluid dynamics and heat transfer analysis in geothermal systems.

mr.learnmore
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1. Water at T1=240 C and P1=16 MPa is at 2 km depth. A drilling hole with diameter 0.2 m has the water flowing up with mass flow rate at 2 kg/s. The hole is considered adiabatic(no heat transfer).
I need to find the following values at the top of the hole:
Enthalpy(h), temperature(T2), pressure(P2) and steam percentage(x) of the water.

There is no pipe friction. At the top of the hole there is a throttling valve which leads to further piping(so the pressure can not be considered to be 1 atm).



3. The Attempt at a Solution
The water is a compressed liquid in the beginning, so using saturated liquid values at T1 gives(from table):
v1=0.001229 m^3/kg
h1=1037.5 kJ/kg

The initial velocity is V =0.078241 m/s, using massflowrate = ρ*A*V.

The mass flow is steady, but as pressure drops with elevation the specific volume changes (I would think).
I'm not sure how to begin solving this, any ideas/hints are very welcome.

 
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The pressure gradient can be calculated with the density of your water and gravity. This should allow to calculate the system up to the point where water begins to boil, probably with approximations for the water density. Afterwards, I don't know how water and steam behave in the pipe.
 

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