Transforming kinetic energy into thermal energy

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the temperature increase of two cars colliding head-on at 80 km/h, assuming all kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy. Using the equations K=1/2mv² and Q=mcΔT, the temperature change (ΔT) was determined to be 7.13 K, which converts to approximately 0.55 °C after unit conversion from 80 km/h to 22.22 m/s. The specific heat capacity used for the calculation was 449 J/kg·K, equivalent to that of iron.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of kinetic energy and its formula (K=1/2mv²)
  • Knowledge of thermal energy and the heat transfer equation (Q=mcΔT)
  • Familiarity with unit conversions, particularly between km/h and m/s
  • Basic grasp of specific heat capacity and its units (J/kg·K)
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of energy conservation in collisions
  • Learn about specific heat capacity and its applications in thermal energy calculations
  • Explore unit conversion techniques for speed and energy measurements
  • Investigate real-world applications of kinetic energy transformation in automotive safety
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, automotive engineers, and anyone interested in the principles of energy transformation and thermal dynamics in collisions.

nlingraham
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Homework Statement



Two cars collide head on while each is traveling at 80 km/h. Suppose all their kinetic energy is transformed into the thermal energy of the wrecks. What is the temperature increase of each car? You can assume that each car's specific heat is that of iron.

Homework Equations



K=1/2mv2

Q=mcΔT

1/2mv2=mcΔT

∴ ΔT=v2/2c

The Attempt at a Solution



I worked it out using 80 km/h for v and 449 J/kg * K for c and got 7.13 K. My question is if this is right, and if it is can someone explain to me how the units cancel out to give just K?
 
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Express J in terms of kg, m and s. What is the dimension of c then?
 
Ok, I got it. J=kg*m2/s2. So that meant I had to convert 80 km/h to 22.22 m/s for everything to cancel out. I ended up getting .55 C. Thank you for your help.
 

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