Translational and rotational velocity

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between the tangential velocity of a point on a rolling cylinder and the velocity of its center of mass, specifically in the context of a cylinder rolling down an inclined plane. The scope includes conceptual clarification and mathematical reasoning related to rotational dynamics.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants inquire whether the distance R refers to the radius of the cylinder and seek clarification on the term "tangential" velocity.
  • One participant confirms that R is indeed the radius and defines tangential velocity as the linear velocity of a point on the edge of the cylinder.
  • Another participant states that the speed of a point on the edge of the cylinder relative to the axis of rotation is the same as the linear speed of the cylinder.
  • A challenge is presented to prove the relationship for rolling without slipping, suggesting that the speed of a point on the edge relative to the surface varies from 0 to twice the linear speed of the cylinder.
  • Participants are encouraged to draw a diagram to aid in understanding this relationship.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

The discussion includes clarifications and challenges but does not reach a consensus on the implications of the tangential velocity in relation to the center of mass velocity.

Contextual Notes

Participants express assumptions about the definitions of terms and the conditions of rolling without slipping, but these assumptions remain unresolved.

Josh0768
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For a cylinder rolling down an inclined plane, does the tangential velocity of a point a distance R from the axis of rotation equal the velocity of the center of mass?
 
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Josh0768 said:
For a cylinder rolling down an inclined plane, does the tangential velocity of a point a distance R from the axis of rotation equal the velocity of the center of mass?
Is ##R## the radius of the cylinder? And what do you mean by "tangential" velocity?
 
PeroK said:
Is ##R## the radius of the cylinder? And what do you mean by "tangential" velocity?
R is the radius yes and by tangential velocity I mean the linear velocity of a point on the edge of the cylinder.
 
Josh0768 said:
R is the radius yes and by tangential velocity I mean the linear velocity of a point on the edge of the cylinder.
The speed of a point on the edge of the cylinder relative to the axis of rotation is the same as the linear speed of the cylinder.

Exercise: prove this for rolling without slipping.

The speed of a point on the edge of the cylinder relative to the surface, therefore, varies from ##0## to twice the linear speed of the cylinder.

Exercise: draw a diagram to convince yourself of this.
 

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