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1. why are transverse waves known as shear waves?
A transverse wave is a type of wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of the wave's propagation. This means that as the wave moves horizontally, the particles move up and down or side to side.
Transverse waves and longitudinal waves are two types of mechanical waves that have different characteristics. In transverse waves, the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of the wave, while in longitudinal waves, the particles move parallel to the direction of the wave.
Shear stress is the stress that occurs when two forces act in opposite directions parallel to the surface of an object. In transverse waves, shear stress occurs when the wave is propagating through a solid material and the particles are moving perpendicular to the direction of the wave.
Transverse waves are known as shear waves because they create shear stress in the material they are propagating through. This means that the particles of the medium experience forces acting in opposite directions, causing them to slide past each other.
Transverse waves have many practical applications, such as in seismic surveys where they are used to create images of the subsurface layers of the Earth. They are also used in ultrasonic testing to detect flaws in materials and in medical imaging techniques such as ultrasound. Additionally, transverse waves are used in various forms of communication, such as radio and television signals.