Two different equations of motion from the same Lagrangian?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the derivation of two different equations of motion for a pendulum with a horizontally oscillating support, specifically using the Lagrangian mechanics framework. The equations are derived from the Euler-Lagrange equation, leading to distinct solutions for the angle of the pendulum, ##\theta(t)##. The discrepancy arises because one approach treats the support's motion as known, while the other incorrectly assumes it as an unknown variable. This fundamental difference in assumptions results in different representations of the system's dynamics.

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The equation of motion of a pendulum with a support oscillating horizontally sinusoidally with angular frequency ##\omega## is given by (5.116). (See attached.)

I get a different answer by considering the Euler-Lagrange equation in ##x## and then eliminating ##\ddot{x}## in (5.115):

Referring to (5.114), we have
##\frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial L}{\partial\dot{x}}=\frac{\partial L}{\partial x}##
##\frac{d}{dt}(m\dot{x}+ml\dot{\theta}\cos\theta)=0##
##m\ddot{x}+ml\ddot{\theta}\cos\theta-ml\dot{\theta}^2\sin\theta=0##
##\ddot{x}=l\dot{\theta}^2\sin\theta-l\ddot{\theta}\cos\theta##

Substituting this into (5.115), we have
##l\ddot{\theta}+l\dot{\theta}^2\sin\theta\cos\theta-l\ddot{\theta}\cos^2\theta=-g\sin\theta##
##l\ddot{\theta}\sin\theta+\dot{\theta}^2\cos\theta=-g##

The solution ##\theta (t)## would in general be different from the solution ##\theta (t)## of (5.116). Why are there two solutions? What does the former solution represent?

Screen Shot 2016-08-06 at 2.00.02 am.png
 
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The reason you're getting a different answer is because you are not solving the same system. The problem gives you x (t), but you are trying to solve for it as though it is an unknown. By doing this you are changing the support from moving at a known oscillation to having its oscillating based on the swinging of the pendulum. Hope that helps
 
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