Understanding the Single Slit Diffraction Pattern

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the phenomenon of single slit diffraction, specifically addressing the nature of light and dark patterns observed, the concept of interference, and the implications for related experiments such as the double slit experiment.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion about the origin of light and dark patterns in single slit diffraction and questions where constructive and destructive interference occurs with a single wave.
  • Another participant explains that the wave interferes with itself and suggests considering the wave as composed of smaller "wavelets" that contribute to the interference pattern.
  • A participant inquires whether the double slit experiment would result in two overlapping diffraction patterns.
  • Another participant introduces the Fraunhofer diffraction case and Kirchhoff's approximate formula, stating that the diffraction pattern is related to the Fourier transform of the slit opening.
  • A later reply humorously points out a misunderstanding regarding the attribution of a previous post's content.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

The discussion includes multiple viewpoints and remains unresolved, particularly regarding the interpretation of interference in single slit diffraction and its relation to the double slit experiment.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference mathematical formulations and physical models, but the discussion does not resolve the underlying assumptions or complexities involved in the diffraction phenomena.

GeneralOJB
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I'm confused about the single slit diffraction pattern. Why are light and dark patterns? Where is the constructive and destructive interference occurring if there is just one wave?
 
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So when doing the double slit experiment, one will see two diffraction patterns on top of each other then?
 
The most simple picture about diffraction comes from using the Fraunhofer case (both source and detection screen at infinity) and Kirchhoff's approximate formula. Then the diffraction pattern seen at the screen turns out to be given by the Fourier transform of the openings, i.e., the electric field is proportional to this Fourier transform.

The physical picture behind this is that any point of the opening is the source of a wave, and at the infinitely far away screen you can approximate the spherical wave by a plane wave (Fraunhofer diffraction).

You find the math in great detail at the Wikipedia link in GeneralOJB's posting.
 
vanhees71 said:
You find the math in great detail at the Wikipedia link in GeneralOJB's posting.

I think he means my post. :wink:
 

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