What branches of math must I master to learn GR?

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To effectively learn General Relativity (GR), a solid mathematical foundation is essential. Key areas of focus include mastering linear algebra, particularly concepts like vector spaces, basis, and kernel. Additionally, a strong grasp of abstract algebra is recommended. Understanding topology and differential geometry is crucial due to their relevance in GR, especially in relation to manifolds. The current math background mentioned includes undergraduate multi-variable calculus, basic linear algebra, differential equations, and some exposure to set theory and group theory. It's also important to have a firm understanding of Special Relativity (SR) and Lagrangian Mechanics as prerequisites for studying GR. Resources like Nakahara's book are suggested for comprehensive coverage of the necessary mathematical concepts.
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Based on what I’ve read here, I really have to absolutely kill linear algebra. Maybe some abstract algebra, too. And based on all this talk of manifolds, I’m guessing some topology and differential geometry is in order.

Those of you who know GR, can you offer a math subject prescription so I can finally learn GR?

For the record my math background is currently maxed out here:
*Undergraduate multi-variable calculus

*The barest basics of linear algebra (before you get to more abstract concepts like really understanding vector spaces, basis, kernel, etc).

*Undergraduate differential equations up to some simple partial differential equations (I suppose the furthest I got is separation of variables and utilizing a Laplace transform table).

*A little bit of set theory, truth tables, and some of what you learn in the “Transition” math class undergraduates take before they are allowed to take courses like analysis, abstract algebra, topology and the like.

*A little exposure to group theory, and a couple other very watered down abstract algebra concepts.

Again, thanks to all who respond. I know this is kind of a vague question.
 
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I suggest a forum search. This question has been answered here many times.
 
phinds said:
I suggest a forum search. This question has been answered here many times.
(a) That isn’t very efficient as there are countless threads with those key words that only explore one particular issue rather than a simple general summary.

(b) It seems simply answering the question might have taken as much effort as “try the search forum.”
 
See e.g. Nakahara's book. It covers all the differential geometry, tensor analysis and topology you need to master GR.
 
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Sorcerer said:
Based on what I’ve read here, I really have to absolutely kill linear algebra. Maybe some abstract algebra, too. And based on all this talk of manifolds, I’m guessing some topology and differential geometry is in order.

Those of you who know GR, can you offer a math subject prescription so I can finally learn GR?

For the record my math background is currently maxed out here:
*Undergraduate multi-variable calculus

*The barest basics of linear algebra (before you get to more abstract concepts like really understanding vector spaces, basis, kernel, etc).

*Undergraduate differential equations up to some simple partial differential equations (I suppose the furthest I got is separation of variables and utilizing a Laplace transform table).

*A little bit of set theory, truth tables, and some of what you learn in the “Transition” math class undergraduates take before they are allowed to take courses like analysis, abstract algebra, topology and the like.

*A little exposure to group theory, and a couple other very watered down abstract algebra concepts.

Again, thanks to all who respond. I know this is kind of a vague question.

There are also some Physics prerequisites. Most important, you must have really understood SR. And, you need to have studied Lagrangian Mechanics. Another recent thread is here:

https://www.physicsforums.com/threa...s-for-general-relativity.939528/#post-5940112
 
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Hey, I am Andreas from Germany. I am currently 35 years old and I want to relearn math and physics. This is not one of these regular questions when it comes to this matter. So... I am very realistic about it. I know that there are severe contraints when it comes to selfstudy compared to a regular school and/or university (structure, peers, teachers, learning groups, tests, access to papers and so on) . I will never get a job in this field and I will never be taken serious by "real"...
Yesterday, 9/5/2025, when I was surfing, I found an article The Schwarzschild solution contains three problems, which can be easily solved - Journal of King Saud University - Science ABUNDANCE ESTIMATION IN AN ARID ENVIRONMENT https://jksus.org/the-schwarzschild-solution-contains-three-problems-which-can-be-easily-solved/ that has the derivation of a line element as a corrected version of the Schwarzschild solution to Einstein’s field equation. This article's date received is 2022-11-15...

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