What force holds together like charges in a capacitor, or a battery

[torxxx]

I was wondering what force hold together like charges in capacitor, battery...

we have a capacitor having two oppositely -charged plates so my question is what holds the electrons with electrons in one plate and what holds protons with protons in other plate since like charges repel each other .

Thanks in advance.

 

[mfb]

If you provide the charges some way to get from one side to the other they do that. A cable is the most common type of connection. If they don't have a way to go from one side to the other they just stay where they are. If you apply a sufficiently large potential you can even push more like charges on the plates, charging the capacitor more.

 

[Dale]

my question is what holds the electrons with electrons in one plate and what holds protons with protons in other plate since like charges repel each other

Whatever force causes the voltage that charges the capacitor. If it is charged by a battery then the force of the electrochemical reaction. If it is a generator then the force of whatever is powering the generator.