A closed pipe refers to a pipe that has one end closed and the other open, which affects how standing waves form within it. At the closed end, nodes are created as the air cannot vibrate, leading to destructive interference, while the open end allows for antinodes and constructive interference. The discussion emphasizes the importance of context in understanding the behavior of waves in such a system. Clarification is sought regarding whether both ends can be closed or just one. Understanding these principles is crucial for analyzing sound waves in closed pipes.