Using Momentum & Energy Principles to Analyze a Satellite Orbit

PEIn summary, in certain cases, using both the momentum principle and energy principle to analyze a system can provide different information. In this problem, both principles will be used to analyze a satellite of mass 4000 kg orbiting the Earth at a radius of 9.5x10^6 m. The magnitude of the gravitational force on the satellite due to the Earth is 17817.17452 N and the speed of the satellite in orbit is 6505.058761 m/s. The minimum amount of work needed to move the satellite from this orbit to a location far from the Earth can be found by subtracting the kinetic energy from the potential energy, resulting in 1.69x10^11 J.
  • #1
ohheytai
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In certain cases, using both the momentum principle and energy principle to analyze a system is useful, as they each can reveal different information. You will use the both momentum principle and the energy principle in this problem.

A satellite of mass 4000 kg orbits the Earth in a circular orbit of radius of 9.5x10^6 m (this is above the Earth's atmosphere).The mass of the Earth is 6.0x10^24 kg.

a)What is the magnitude of the gravitational force on the satellite due to the earth?
F= 17817.17452 N

b)Using the momentum principle, find the speed of the satellite in orbit.
v=6505.058761

c)Using the energy principle, find the minimum amount of work needed to move the satellite from this orbit to a location very far away from the Earth. (You can think of this energy as being supplied by work due to something outside of the system of the Earth and the satellite.)

i can't get C i tried GMm1/r and got 1.69e11 J and its wrong can someone help me out here?
 
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  • #2


nevermind i figured it out i forgot to subtract KE
 

1. How do momentum and energy principles relate to analyzing a satellite orbit?

Momentum and energy principles are fundamental concepts in physics that are used to analyze the motion of objects. In the case of a satellite orbit, these principles are used to understand the motion of the satellite in terms of its position, velocity, and acceleration.

2. What is the difference between momentum and energy in the context of satellite orbits?

Momentum is a measure of an object's motion, while energy is a measure of an object's ability to do work. In the context of a satellite orbit, momentum is used to describe the satellite's motion through space, while energy is used to describe the satellite's position and potential for movement.

3. How are momentum and energy conserved in a satellite orbit?

Momentum and energy are conserved in a satellite orbit because there are no external forces acting on the satellite (assuming it is in a stable orbit). This means that the satellite will continue to move with a constant velocity and its kinetic and potential energy will remain constant.

4. How do changes in momentum and energy affect a satellite's orbit?

If there is a change in the momentum of a satellite, it will result in a change in its velocity and direction of motion. This can cause the satellite to move into a different orbit or even leave orbit entirely. Similarly, changes in energy can also cause the satellite's orbit to change or result in the satellite falling back to Earth.

5. Can momentum and energy be used to predict the future path of a satellite in orbit?

Yes, by using the principles of momentum and energy, scientists can accurately predict the future path of a satellite in orbit. This is because the laws of momentum and energy are constant and reliable, allowing for precise calculations of a satellite's future trajectory.

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