What is the significance of heat capacity at extreme temperatures?

AI Thread Summary
Heat capacity is defined as the change in internal energy with respect to temperature, but understanding its significance at extreme temperatures requires deeper intuition. At absolute zero, heat capacity is zero because solid materials have minimal microstates and cannot absorb energy without changing their state. Conversely, at infinite temperatures, systems reach maximum disorder, resulting in a similar zero heat capacity due to the lack of energy absorption potential. The relationship C = T dS/dT illustrates how heat capacity relates to entropy changes, emphasizing the connection between temperature, disorder, and energy. This exploration highlights the fundamental role of microstates in determining heat capacity across temperature extremes.
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So heat capacity is the change in the mean value of the internal energy when the temperature is changed: C = d<E>/dt
But I would like a little more intuition than that. T^(-1) = dS/d<E>, so going back to the intuition that the inverse of the temperature is a measure of how disordered the system becomes when we change the energy, what does this tell us that heat capacity is a measure for?
The reason I am asking is I got an exercise, where the heat capacity goes from 0 to a max and then back to sorry for T=[0,∞). I am asked to interpret the meaning that C=0 for T=0 or T=∞, but I can't get the right intuition in terms of microstates etc.
 
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Look for an equation where you are expressing C in terms of S and T rather than anything to do with E. (Hint: Multiply your two equations together)
 
well all I could get from that is:

dU = TdS
dU=CdT
so
C=T dS/dT which is just the chain rule for dU/dT=C

Was this what you were looking for? This doesn't for me give a lot of new insight.
 
I could also ask another way. Why is it intuitively that solid materials have C=0 at T=0?
 
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