Why Are My Amplifier's Experimental and Simulated Outputs Different?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on discrepancies between experimental and theoretical outputs of an amplifier circuit, specifically using the formula Vo=(1+R2/R1)x(R4/(R3+R4)xV2) - (R2/R1)xV1. Users report differences between Vo experimental, derived from physical testing, and Vo theory, calculated using the provided formula. Additionally, variations between simulated outputs in Microsim and theoretical values are noted. The internal resistance of measurement devices is suggested as a potential factor influencing experimental results.

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  • Understanding of amplifier circuit design and operation
  • Familiarity with voltage divider principles and resistor ratios
  • Experience with simulation software, specifically Microsim
  • Knowledge of measurement device specifications and internal resistance effects
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  • Investigate the impact of internal resistance on measurement accuracy
  • Learn how to use Microsim for accurate circuit simulation
  • Explore amplifier circuit design best practices to minimize discrepancies
  • Review methods for validating experimental results against theoretical calculations
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Electronics engineers, circuit designers, students in electrical engineering, and hobbyists working with amplifier circuits and simulations.

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I've assembled an amplifier circuit which is composed by a V1 and V2 input and Vo output.V1 is 1V and V2 varies from -5v to +7v with increments of 0.5v.
The formula for Vo is:

Vo=(1+R2/R1)x(R4/(R3+R4)xV2) - (R2/R1)xV1

My questions are:why does the equation |Vo experimental - Vo theory| gives wrong values(Vo experimental is the output I got after testing the assembled circuit and Vo theory is when substituting the values on the equation)?Also,why are the value of the output voltage when I simulate the circuit on microsim different from the voltage theory and experimental output values?Could the experimental value result be influenced by the internal resistance of the measurement device?
Thanks in advance for the reply!
 
Last edited:
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Could anyone help me on this?
 
What do you get for your calculated, experimental and simulated values? It's kind of hard for us to help you unless we can see a table of the values. And if you could post a schematic of your amplifier, with voltage rails and component values specified that would help. Do you only get errors near the extremes, or do you get errors in the mid-range as well?
 

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