Why are Ni+2 and Cr+6 carcinogenic?

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Cations, specifically nickel (Ni+2), are implicated in cancer mechanisms through several key processes. Nickel catalyzes reactions that produce reactive oxygen species, such as peroxide and superoxide, which can damage cellular components. Additionally, it inhibits the excision-repair of DNA, hindering the cell's ability to fix genetic damage. Furthermore, nickel contributes to gene silencing by increasing histone methylation and decreasing acetylation, which affects gene expression. This highlights the significant role of nickel in cancer development, revealing its multifaceted impact on cellular processes.
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What is the mechanism by which these cations cause cancer?
 
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OK...so from this, the short answer appears to be: (1) Ni+2 catalyzes reactions that create reactive oxygen species (peroxide, superoxide). (2) inhibits excision-repair of DNA. (3) cause gene silencing (more methylation of histones, less acetylation).

Wow, I had no idea nickel did all this...
 

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