Why Does a Ball Sink on Water Surface?

AI Thread Summary
A ball sinks in water because the gravitational force (mg) exceeds the buoyant force (Vpg), preventing it from floating. Unlike on solid ground, where the normal reaction force equals the weight of the object, water provides a buoyant force that is insufficient for denser objects. The discussion highlights that density differences determine whether an object floats or sinks; a less dense ball will float, while a denser object, like a metal ball bearing, will sink. Additionally, the nature of solids allows them to support weight without sinking, unlike liquids. Understanding these principles involves considering the differences in density and the behavior of particles in different states of matter.
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Homework Statement



Why does a ball placed on water surface sink, while one placed on the ground does not



The Attempt at a Solution


I think the ball sinks because mg is more than the upthrust (Vpg), but why doesn't the ball experience normal reaction (N=mg) on the water surface like we do on the ground ?
 
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On water the ball experiences byouncy force. The force isn't great enough to keep the ball above water though. Some bugs also walk on water due to surface intension.
 
I like to think from 2 perspectives - differences in phase and differences in density.For a ball floating on water, there is a difference in density between the ball and the water - the ball is less dense, so it floats! If you use a metal ball bearing, which is denser than water, the metal ball bearing will sink, won't it?

However, on ground, no matter how dense your ball, it won't sink because of the nature of solids.. (revisit your theory of matter, and explain with respect to the particles)
 
Kindly see the attached pdf. My attempt to solve it, is in it. I'm wondering if my solution is right. My idea is this: At any point of time, the ball may be assumed to be at an incline which is at an angle of θ(kindly see both the pics in the pdf file). The value of θ will continuously change and so will the value of friction. I'm not able to figure out, why my solution is wrong, if it is wrong .
TL;DR Summary: I came across this question from a Sri Lankan A-level textbook. Question - An ice cube with a length of 10 cm is immersed in water at 0 °C. An observer observes the ice cube from the water, and it seems to be 7.75 cm long. If the refractive index of water is 4/3, find the height of the ice cube immersed in the water. I could not understand how the apparent height of the ice cube in the water depends on the height of the ice cube immersed in the water. Does anyone have an...
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