Why Does a Ball Stay Stationary in a High-Speed Air Stream?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of a ball in a high-speed air stream, specifically examining why it appears to remain stationary. Key concepts include Bernoulli's Principle, gravity, and the Navier-Stokes equations. One participant theorizes that the ball's clockwise spin creates lift, while the opposing force of gravity balances it, resulting in no net movement. However, the professor argues that a counterclockwise spin would lead to downward force, challenging the applicability of Bernoulli's Principle due to viscous effects, suggesting that Navier-Stokes equations are more appropriate for analysis.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Bernoulli's Principle
  • Familiarity with Navier-Stokes equations
  • Knowledge of vector diagrams and forces
  • Basic principles of fluid dynamics
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the application of Navier-Stokes equations in fluid dynamics simulations
  • Explore the effects of viscous boundary layers on fluid flow
  • Study the principles of lift and drag in rotating bodies
  • Investigate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools for simulating airflow
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, engineering, and fluid dynamics who are interested in understanding the forces acting on objects in high-speed airflow scenarios.

Darkalyan
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Homework Statement


This isn't a homework question, but more like a theory question that my teacher and I are having trouble figuring out. We're trying to figure out why this ball, more or less, stays still in a high speed stream of air:

http://laserpablo.com/videos/videofiles/Bernoulli.htm


Homework Equations


Bernoulli's Principle, gravity, balancing vector diagrams.


The Attempt at a Solution


The stream of air is going from the bottom/left to the top/right, and we had a couple theories. I think the ball is spinning clockwise, and bernoulli's is causing a lift perpendicular to the stream. The force of gravity is acting down, and the reason there isn't a net movement to the left is because the stream itself pushes the ball to the right. Therefore, the forces cancel out and the ball, more or less, stays still. However, my professor thinks the ball is actually spinning counterclockwise, and in that case Bernoulli's wouldn't explain why the ball is floating in midair; it would actually cause the ball to be pushed downward, correct? Is there something we're missing here? What're your thoughts?
 
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The only thing I know that I can say about it is that Bernoulli's doesn't actually apply because of all kinds of viscous effects, but instead you'd have to apply the momentum equation (one of the navier-stokes equations) and also/alternatively you could apply the energy equation, but you definitely can't use Bernoulli because of the presence of viscous boundary layers around the ball. Navier-stokes would be able to tell you what is going on since they are partial differential vector equations, but in order to use those navier-stokes equations you'd really have to run a computer simulation and numerically evaluate the equations because of the inherit complexity of those partial derivatives.
 

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