How Do You Model Instantaneous Velocity in a Fluid with Square Root Drag?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on modeling the instantaneous velocity of an object experiencing drag in a fluid, described by the equation Ff = -k(v^1/2). The net force equation Fn = ma is equated to the frictional force, leading to the differential equation dv/dt = (-k/m)(v^1/2). The solution involves integrating this equation and applying initial conditions to derive the velocity equation v(t) = (-kt/2m)^2 + Vi. The discussion emphasizes the importance of including a constant of integration to accurately model the velocity over time.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's second law (Fn = ma)
  • Familiarity with differential equations and integration techniques
  • Knowledge of drag force concepts, specifically square root drag
  • Basic principles of initial conditions in physics problems
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  • Study the derivation of differential equations in physics, particularly in fluid dynamics
  • Learn about the effects of drag forces on motion, focusing on square root drag models
  • Explore initial value problems and their solutions in calculus
  • Investigate the relationship between mass, force, and acceleration in various contexts
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Students in physics or engineering, particularly those studying fluid dynamics, as well as educators and anyone interested in the mathematical modeling of motion under drag forces.

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Homework Statement


An object dragged through an unknown fluid experiences a force opposite to that of its initial velocity (Vi) that is equal to -k(v^1/2). find the equation that models its instantaneous velocity

Fn = Force Net
Ff = Frictional force
Vi = Initial Velocity
V = instantaneous velocity

Homework Equations


Fn=ma
Ff=-k(v^1/2)


The Attempt at a Solution



Fn=Ff
ma=-k(v^1/2)
dv/dt=(-k/m)(v^1/2)
S[dv/(v^1/2)]=(-k/m)S[dt]
2(v^1/2)=-kt/m
v=(-kt/2m)^2 + Vi

which can't be right because that would mean velocity increased as time moves positively...

i'm lost. help lol
v=
 
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Does the object have mass m? Is another force being applied to the object?

If the force is subject only to drag, then it will deceleration in proportion to kv1/2 according to the problem as stated.

If the mass falls under gravity then the mass will decelerate or even accelerate to a constant velocity where the drag force = the force of gravity.

a = dv(t)/dt = F(t)/m, where F(t) = applied force - drag force,

and the initial condition is v(t=0) = vi/.
 
there is no mass stated and the object is traveling horizontally and not subject to gravity.

i guess I'm having trouble deriving a velocity equation more than i am having trouble understanding the situation. I'm not even sure if the way i tried it first is the right way.

all i know for sure is that the only force acting on the point is -kv^(1/2)

could u perhaps help me find an equation for its instantaneous velocity with respect to time?
 
S[e^x]=f(u)^n;1461783 said:

Homework Statement


An object dragged through an unknown fluid experiences a force opposite to that of its initial velocity (Vi) that is equal to -k(v^1/2). find the equation that models its instantaneous velocity

Fn = Force Net
Ff = Frictional force
Vi = Initial Velocity
V = instantaneous velocity

Homework Equations


Fn=ma
Ff=-k(v^1/2)


The Attempt at a Solution



Fn=Ff
ma=-k(v^1/2)
dv/dt=(-k/m)(v^1/2)
S[dv/(v^1/2)]=(-k/m)S[dt]
2(v^1/2)=-kt/m

you need to add a constant here:

2(v^1/2)=-kt/m + C

then

v^1/2=-kt/2m + D


v=(-kt/2m)^2 + 2(-kt/2m)D + D^2

So know solve for D using initial conditions.
 

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