Photon emission Definition and 67 Threads

According to my understanding, when an electron is added into an atom, it emits energy in the form of photons because it is a form of de-excitation or relaxation. This is when electron affinity will be positive (exothermic). But there is one case where energy must be provided to an electron for...

I'm doing special relativity in undergrad and I have the following problem: Let a particle of mass M travelling at speed ##\beta = 1/2## (##\gamma = 2/\sqrt 3 \ \ c=1##) decay in to two photons: ##A \rightarrow 1+2## 1) Calculate energy and moment of the photons in the reference frame of the...

Hey all, I just wanted to double check my logic behind getting the Fourier Transform of the following Hamiltonian: $$H(x) = \frac{ie\hbar}{mc}A(x)\cdot\nabla_{x}$$ where $$A(x) = \sqrt{\frac{2\pi\hbar c^2}{\omega L^3}}\left(a_{p}\epsilon_{p} e^{i(p\cdot x)} + a_{p}^{\dagger}\epsilon_{p}...

Hello! I have some questions regarding the photon emission and whether the atom recoils or not. When an electron in an atom emits a photon. One can calculate the energy of the photon by the difference between the energy levels from where it left to which it returned. Let’s say it jumped from...

Hi there! High school physics teacher hoping to pick the brains of people who know more than I do here. I'm curious whether the rate of photon emission has any noticeable effect on the diffraction pattern generated by the double-slit experiment. To be clear: I understand a diffraction pattern...

If a bosonic field is probabalistic, and if it can be emitted (suddenly coming into existence), what determines its probability distribution when it is emitted from a fermion? In other words, one thinks (or at least I think) of a fermion field as already being in existence and already having...

Are there any kind of observed and experimentally verified processes or mechanisms where photon emission occurs and which are directly cause by spacetime expansion in some way?

I am reading this chapter 3 from the book called The Quantum Vacuum by P.Milonni.(Attached in the pdf, look at chapter 3.2 Spontaneous emission)There they say that spontaneous emission is due to both quantum fluctuations and radiation reaction. They say the transitions induced by the quantum...

The information I have are the following: ##p^\mu=(E, p, 0, 0)## ##p'^\mu=(E', p'\cos\beta, -p'\sin\beta,0)## ##k^\mu=\tilde{E}(1, \cos\alpha, \sin\alpha, 0)## Where: ##E=\sqrt{M^2+p^2}## ##E'=\sqrt{m^2+p'^2}## Using the conservation of the four-momentum ##p^\mu=p'^\mu+k^\mu##...

First I'll explain my understanding, because I'm not very confident in it. The main point is that the electrons are ejected and then accelerated to a very high kinetic energy. Then they start smashing into the anode. Most will go through a series of collisions before completely stopping, so that...

I am considering the magnitude of the gravitational redshift and I look at the process of a photon leaving an atom from the Sun. I am asking whether the processes in the atom, viewed as a clock, would lead us to conclude that the emitted photon, at the time of emission, would itself be...

I consider the laboratory system. The four momentums in this reference system are respectively: ##p^\mu = \big(\sqrt{|p|^2+m^2}, 0, 0, |p| \big)## ##p'^\mu= \big(m, 0, 0, 0 \big)## ##k^\mu = E\big(1, 0, 1, 0\big)## ##k'^\mu = E'\big(1, 0, -\sin \varphi, \cos \varphi \big)## I used conservation...

How would you explain, on a basic level, why only one photon (as opposed to two, three...) is emitted when an electron in an atom changes its energy level? This is for students with only introductory Physics background.

While studying photon emission, I noticed that I never really understood why the higher energy level is farther from the center of the atom. To me it seems counterintuitive, because usually the forces of attraction are greater at shorter distances, which would imply a higher energy consumption...

In ground state electron does not emit photon.Can we use QED to explain why in ground state electron does not emit any photons?

Suppose you have a pair of electrons in the same quantum state, and are thus spin entangled, and they absorb a pair of photons and release them at the same time. How would this affect the photons? Would the photons be entangled? Would it affect the photon spin, and if so, how would it affect the...

Hey guys, new here. Here is my first question for the forums: Let's say that I have a controlled environment for an experiment whereby I want to heat, say, one cubic centimeter of steel until it is white hot. Assuming that I have perfect containment set up for it such that no energy can be...

I recently re-read an article by Muller (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.07975.pdf) about the flow of time, and the possibility of time reversal given sufficient energy dissipation (basically during black hole evaporation, he concludes). Although the paper is on arXiv and not peer reviewed, Muller...

English is not my native language. So, I hope to be understood. :-) The Compton effect is the dynamics in which high-energy incident photons (X or gamma) are scattered by electrons of certain materials, like graphite. The electrons are supposed to be free, as they are only weakly bounded by...

Hi all, This is likely a naive question, following up on something @vanhees71 posted some time ago in another thread: My question is the following - if we take an electron that has, for example, absorbed a photon, is the portion of the wavefunction representing the electron in a lower energy...

It's been a while. But I have always received the help I needed on this forum. I had this question in my head, When a particle accelerates, it creates an oscillating electric field, and a photon. How much does this effect, affect the energy of the particle itself? Say I had a particle...

Why is the probability of one-photon loss from a cavity in the time interval ##[t, t+\delta t]## is: ##\kappa \delta t\langle \psi(t)| \hat{a}^{\dagger}\hat{a} |\psi(t)\rangle## where ##\kappa## is the decay rate. It looks like the Fermi Golden rule but it's not exactly it.

Hi guys, I am looking for a formula which I am sure exits but I cannot locate it. The problem is that a quantum dot absorbs a photon of wavelength λ0(dot is semiconductor or could be any other material). Assuming that it reemits a photon, what is the probability that this emitted photon will...

I am trying to calculate the Lyman-alpha wavelengths of photons emitted from different hydrogen-like atoms such as deuterium and positive helium ion 4He+, using the relation 1/λ = R*|1/ni^2 - 1/nf^2|, where R is the Rydberg constant and ni and nf are integer numbers corresponding to the initial...

A beam of electron in vacuum with velocity v enter a region of spa e with a electric field E. The field is such the electrons circle with radius r. The electrons are now accelerating at constant tangential speed. Because this is not an atomic orbital then by classical physics the electrons...

Assuming that your surface temperature is 99.1 F and that you are an ideal blackbody radiator (you are close), find (a) the wavelength at which your spectral radiancy is maximum,(b) the power at which you emit thermal radiation in a wavelength range of 1.0 nm at that wavelength, from a surface...

Has electron recoil due to photon emission ever been confirmed by experiment? cause I can't find any reference to electron recoil being measured anywhere I look. If it has been measured, what methods do they use?

Are photons emitted from the stationary protons in a dipole antenna? The protons don't accelerate at any point but their electric field does contribute to the electromagnetic wave.

This is the second time I've asked this question, I thought I'd add some extra details. Consider a single accelerating electron, this electron emits a single photon wave which radiates out spherically in a superposition, What direction and what time does the electron recoil if there is no...

Consider a single accelerating electron, this electron emits a single photon wave which radiates out spherically in a superposition, What direction does the electron recoil if there is no defined direction for the photon?

Consider another situation where electron A accelerates past stationary electron B. However. from the perspective of electron A, Electron B appears to be accelerating, does this mean that A could absorb a photon from electron B?

Hello, I was trying to solve a problem in my course book, and I noticed I don't really understand energy levels completely. My ignorance covers more than one specific problem, so I figured I'd ask a general question, rather than post the problem. The Rydberg formula: ##...

Homework Statement a) Particle A decays at rest into two photons. Calculate, in terms of the rest mass of A, the energy and momentum of each photon. b) In a different reference frame, particle A is initially in motion such that its kinetic energy is equal to its rest energy. Find the momentum...

When a photon is at a large distance fom it's starting position then the wave is spread-out laterally. How can a wavefront for one photon collapse instantly over a massive surface area?

Hi I am trying to write the probability of photon emission due to transition of electron in feynman's path integral formulation. I am stuck trying to figure out the action corresponding to the photon emission. Would anyone shed some light on this? Thanks

How an electron transition from lower energy state to higher energy state in hydrogen atom emits a photon?

Dear mates: During ionization with radiant energy there is a photon emission (see http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod3.html). I know photon emission occurs by a decay of radiant energy from a excited state and what is confusing to me (I can't find a logical conection) is that...

Are lower energy electron orbitals always closer to nucleus than higher energy orbitals? Is this energy proportional to the inverse square law and Coulomb's law? When an electron jumps down to a lower energy orbital, is potential energy not just converted to kinetic energy, and so where does...

A textbook presentation is given by Purcell: "Electricity and Magnetism", Appendix B, "Radiation by an Accelerated Charge". He carefully shows how the changes in the Coulomb field of a quickly decelerated electron propagate outward with velocity c. Since the field was moving past the observer...

hi all, i learned that only certain orbits were allowed in the atom and that if the electrons occupied any of the orbits in between, that they would no longer be in a resonance orbit (i was taught that the allowed orbits were the electron probability wave in resonance and therefore no EM...

Typically (in popular literature) the process of photon emission by an excited atom is considered as an instant event. But actually it is quite likely that it is a continuous process. Such processes are usually described by evolutionary differential equations (ODEs or PDEs). Assume that we...

Hello, I'm studying the wave-particle duality, more specifically the matter-wave function of de Broglie: \Psi(x,t)=A sin 2\pi(\frac{x}{\lambda}-\nu t) where \lambda is the de Broglie wave-length and \nu is the frequency. The interpretation of this wave is that, \Psi^{2} would be the...

Ok, I've been reading up on the EM field and how it exerts force on charged particles. By exerting this force it creates 'ripples' in the EM field and this is felt by other charged particles as a force (either of attraction or repulsion). We say that the two particles exchanged a virtual photon...

Hi, I've been reading through Stephen Hawking's 'A Brief History of Time' and I have reached a section about how, contrary to popular belief, Black Hole's are not necessarily black since they emit photons outside the event horizon. I am wondering how they emit photons. Does it have to do...

I am feeling a little stupid asking this considering I am about to graduate with my BS in chemistry. But I have never given this much thought, nor do I remember learning this and I can't figure out a proper explanation. I am sure I am overlooking a simple detail, but I can not figure it out...

Does molecular vibrational transition and consequent emission of infrared radiation involve electrons changing energy level? In wikipedia, about vibronic transitions it says "Most processes leading to the absorption and emission of visible light, are due to vibronic transitions. This may be...

If a photon is emitted from the nucleus of an atom, and the atom is at rest is the photon and the atom entangled? If their spin angular momentum was zero before the emission. And is it possible to have an atom emit a photon from its nucleus and one of its electrons at the same time, and would...

Homework Statement hypothetical one electron searsium element. n=-20eV, n2=-10eV, n3=-5eV, n4=-2eV. photon emission n3>n2 and n3>n1 will eject photoelectrons from unkown metal, but photon emitted from n4>n3 will not. what are the limits (max and min values) of work function of the metal...

I'm sure I've heard the explanation for this before in class but I can't quite remember it: If electrons of an atom emit photons (ie lose energy), the orbits of the electrons will become smaller, right? If so, wouldn't the atom eventually collapse? What radially outward force keeps the...

Homework Statement A light bulb 10km away from you emits visible photons at a rate of 3x1018 photons/s. Assuming this is the only source of light (the whole place is dark), and your dark-adjusted retina has a diameter of 7mm, then how many photons/s hits your retina? Homework Equations...