Block slides from rest from the top of a fixed frictionless sphere

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SUMMARY

A small block slides from rest from the top of a fixed frictionless sphere of radius R. The vertical distance traveled by the block when it loses contact with the sphere is calculated to be x = R/3. The speed of the block at this point is determined to be v = √(2gR/3). The analysis utilizes conservation of mechanical energy and centripetal force equations to derive these results, confirming the calculations are correct.

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  • Familiarity with centripetal force and its role in circular motion.
  • Knowledge of trigonometric functions, specifically cosine, in relation to angular displacement.
  • Ability to manipulate equations involving energy conservation and motion dynamics.
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leyyee
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can anyone help me to solve this question? please and thank you :D

A small block slides from rest from the top of a fixed frictionless sphere of
radius R.

Determine the vertical distance traveled by the block, x , where it loses
contact with the surface of the sphere and its speed at this point.
 
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let m be the mass of the block.
let y be the angular displacement of the block between its starting point and the point in which it loses contact with the sphere.

we can see that cos(y) = (R-x)/R, x = R[1 - cos(y)]

since there is conservation of mechanical energy, loss of gravitational potential energy will result in a gain in kinetic energy of the block, mgx = (1/2)mv2
hence, v2 = 2gx = 2gR[1 - cos(y)]

next, as the block moves down the sphere, a portion of its weight must act radially into the sphere so as to provide the required centripetal force for the motion of the block.
hence, required centripetal force = mg*cos(y) = mv2/R
substituting the value of v2 found previously into the equation, mg*cos(y) = 2mgR[1 - cos(y)]/ R
hence, rearranging the terms, we get cos(y) = 2/3

since x = R[1 - cos(y)], x = R(1 - 2/3) = R/3

since v2 = 2gx = 2gR[1 - cos(y)], v2 = 2gR/3, v = (2gr/3)1/2

is it correct?
 

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YEAh. THANK YOU!
 

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