Calculating the electric field of a single charge

AI Thread Summary
To calculate the electric field at the surface of a proton, the formula E = kq/r^2 is used, where k is Coulomb's constant, q is the charge of the proton, and r is the distance from the center of the charge. Although it may seem confusing since Coulomb's law typically involves two charges, the electric field concept allows for the calculation of the field created by a single charge. The radius of the proton is approximately 1.2 x 10^-15 meters, which should be used as the distance r when applying the formula. The electric field points away from the proton, and understanding the distinction between force and electric field is crucial for applying these equations correctly. This approach clarifies the relationship between the charge and the electric field it generates.
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Homework Statement


Calculate the Electric Field vector at the surface of a proton.

Homework Equations


F = qE --> E = F/q

F = [k(q1)(q2)] / (r^2)

The Attempt at a Solution


Well basically I'm not sure... I know it's a really simple question (it's not really even a homework exercise, just something that was put up in a lecture) but I'm having trouble understanding how to use these equations since Coulomb's law describes the force caused on one charge by another (ie involves two charges).
But this question is asking to find an intrinsic electric field held by one isolated charge.

If you sub F = [k(q1)(q2)] / (r^2) into E = F/q I can see that you could end up with
E = (kq) / (r^2) but that's just by cancelling out the q's without really understanding what they represent.
I assume either (q1) or (q2) is going to have to be e = 1.6*(10E-19), but as for the other? And even the value 'r'... at the surface, shouldn't the distance be 0?
Eh, I'm sure it's really simple, but any help would be great. Thanks.
 
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A charge causes an electric field around itself with magnitude
E = kq/r^2 where r is the distance from the center of the charge to the point where you want to know the strength of E. The E field points away from a positive charge, toward a negative one.

A proton does have a (very small) radius, so E is not infinite at its surface.

Historically everyone used F = kqQ/r^2 for the force of one charge Q on another charge q. Later physicists became uncomfortable with the idea of "action at a distance". They figured that there had to be something extending from Q that did the pushing on q. It couldn't happen instantaneously - that would violate the speed of light speed limit for information travel. When q is moving, it feels the force instantly when it arrives at a new point in space, so the invisible hand of Q must already be there. So the electric field was invented and, where it matters, we now split the force formula into two parts:
E = kQ/r^2 - a charge causes an electric field around itself
F = qE - an electric field causes a force on a charge q

It turns out the E field really does exist and in fact it works with the magnetic field to make electromagnetic waves (radio, TV, etc.).
 
Right, so it's not so much a case of having to conceptualise the equation F = kqQ/r^2 for a system that only involves one particle, so much as initially understanding F = kQ/r^2 for one particle, and then understanding that F = kqQ/r^2 can be used to relate the force felt by q due to the field of Q...
Okay, but in this case 'r' is still a bit of a mystery, since the Efield really only exists at the surface? So r (the distance from the charge) would be zero? Unless you say that the point-charge actually originates from the centre of the proton, so the distance from the surface to the "point" is r = 1.2*(10^-15)... That gives the correct answer, I believe, but is my thinking correct? More than anything I want to understand what you're actually doing with these equations rather than just solving them for numerical values.
 
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