Centripetal acceleration centrifuge

In summary, a centrifuge is a device used in medical laboratories to separate materials by rotating them at high speeds. To calculate the number of revolutions per minute, the formula V=(2pi*r)/T can be used, where V is the speed, r is the radius, and T is the period. By setting up the equation and solving for T, the result is .006584 seconds per revolution. However, to convert this to revolutions per minute, the units need to be adjusted. 1/T represents the frequency, which has units of revolutions per second. Therefore, the final calculation is .006584 seconds per revolution multiplied by 60 seconds per minute, which equals .39504 revolutions per minute.
  • #1
pookisantoki
44
0
A centrifuge is a device in which a small container of material is rotated at a high speed on a circular path. Such a device is used in medical laboratories, for instance, to cause the more dense red blood cells to settle through the less dense blood serum and collect at the bottom of the container. Suppose the centripetal acceleration of the sample is 5.92 x 10^3 times as large as the acceleration due to gravity. How many revolutions per minute is the sample making, if it is located at a radius of 6.37 cm from the axis of rotation?

Acceleration due to gravity is 9.80 and I converted 6.37cm to .0637m.
So this is how I solved it: Ac=V^2/r so set it up where V^2=Ac*r=sqrt(9.80*5920)*.0637= 60.79160
Then V=(2pi*r)/T so T=(2pi*r)/V: (2pi*.0637)/60.79160=.006584

Is this right??
 
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  • #2
I didn't double check your numbers, but you solved for period and the question asks for rpm, just remember to do the appropriate conversion.
 
  • #3
I'm not sure on how to go from period to RPM
 
  • #4
Well period is seconds per revolution, while rpm is revolutions per minute. Recall 1/T=F, the frequency, which has units revolutions per second.
 
  • #5
So would it be .006584*60=.39504??
 
  • #6
No... check your units and make sure they come out alright. What you have is this:
[tex].0065 \frac{\textrm{seconds}}{\textrm{revolution}} \times 60\frac{\textrm{seconds}}{\textrm{minute}} = .395 \frac{\textrm{seconds}^2}{\textrm{revolution minute}}[/tex]

Which is obviously not right. Remember where you want to go, which is revolutions/minute.
 

1. What is centripetal acceleration?

Centripetal acceleration is the acceleration that an object experiences when moving in a circular path. It is always directed towards the center of the circle and its magnitude is equal to v^2/r, where v is the velocity of the object and r is the radius of the circle.

2. How does a centrifuge work?

A centrifuge works by using centripetal acceleration to separate substances of different densities. The substances are placed in a rotating container and the centripetal acceleration caused by the rotation causes the heavier substances to move towards the outside of the container while the lighter substances move towards the center.

3. What is the purpose of a centrifuge?

The purpose of a centrifuge is to separate substances of different densities. This is commonly used in scientific research and medical laboratories to isolate specific components such as proteins, DNA, or blood cells from a mixture.

4. How is the centripetal acceleration of a centrifuge calculated?

The centripetal acceleration of a centrifuge is calculated using the formula a = v^2 / r, where v is the velocity of the rotating container in meters per second and r is the radius of the circle described by the container in meters.

5. What safety precautions should be taken when using a centrifuge?

When using a centrifuge, it is important to follow all safety precautions as directed by the manufacturer. This may include wearing protective gear such as gloves and goggles, properly balancing the samples in the centrifuge, and adhering to recommended speed and time settings. It is also important to regularly inspect and maintain the centrifuge to ensure its safe and effective use.

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