Distance Protection: Why Preferable for Medium & Long TLs?

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Distance protection is preferred for medium and long transmission lines due to its ability to measure impedance, which provides accurate fault location and isolation. Unlike differential protection, which requires a direct comparison of current at both ends of the line, distance protection operates independently of load current, making it more reliable over longer distances. Differential protection can be less effective in scenarios with varying load conditions, while distance protection remains consistent. Additionally, distance protection can cover longer spans without the need for extensive communication between terminals. Overall, the choice of distance protection enhances operational efficiency and reliability in medium and long transmission line applications.
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Why Distance( Impedance) protection is always preffered in the Transmission Lines protection?

As for as Short TL is concern, Sometimes we use distance as well as differential protection, but in Medium and Long Transmission Lines only Distance protection is used .. why is it so? what's the reason behind ?
 
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What's the difference between the two schemes? What element in the of differential protection scheme that isn't used in the distance scheme?
 

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