Effect of vent ratio on the drag coefficient of round parachutes

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the effect of vent ratio on the drag coefficient of round parachutes, focusing on experimental methods and simulations for measuring drag. Participants explore various approaches for a school project, including physical experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFDs).

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • One participant plans to research the effect of vent ratio on the drag coefficient by creating model parachutes and conducting experiments from a height.
  • Another participant suggests that a wind tunnel may not yield expected results due to the adjustment of airstream velocity to the drag coefficient for each chute-vent configuration.
  • A question is raised about alternative methods to determine the drag coefficient without using wind tunnels.
  • One participant recommends measuring terminal velocity by varying the size of the vent hole in a parachute and using video analysis to track descent.
  • There is a suggestion that experimental results are necessary to calibrate simulations, questioning the need for simulations if experimental data is available.
  • Resources are shared, including links to studies on parachutes and fluid dynamics, as well as a book reference on drag.
  • The original poster expresses a desire to use simulations to compare experimental and expected values for analysis.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the importance of measuring terminal velocity and the potential limitations of wind tunnel experiments. However, there is no consensus on the necessity of simulations versus experimental results, indicating a divergence in approaches.

Contextual Notes

Some participants highlight the need for experimental results to validate simulations, while others question the reliance on simulations if sufficient experimental data is obtained. The discussion reflects varying levels of familiarity with terminal velocity and measurement techniques.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for students and enthusiasts interested in experimental physics, parachute design, and the application of computational fluid dynamics in research projects.

prithika
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TL;DR
CFDs or pre-written codes that would help measure the effect of vent ratio on drag coefficient of parachutes.
For my 12th grade school project, I'm planning to research on the effect of vent ratio on the drag coefficient of round parachutes. My idea was to make small model parachutes and drop them from a height, and derive the drag coefficient after certain assumptions. But I also thought it'd be interesting to build a wind tunnel and compare the results from both experiments. However, I'm not sure how to collect drag values from a home made wind tunnel. I'd also like to use a virtual wind tunnel or CFDs to obtain more accurate results and compare my experimental data. Are there any easy CFDs using which I can model round parachutes or any pre existing code that could achieve the same purpose? I'm planning to focus on the effect of the round parachute while descending, not during inflation as it would complicate the process.
 
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Welcome, @prithika ! :smile:
Are you familiar with terminal velocity?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_velocity

A wind tunnel should no give you the results that you expect, because the airstream velocity naturally adjusts to the coefficient of drag (Cd) for each chute-vent configuration.
 
Lnewqban said:
Welcome, @prithika ! :smile:
Are you familiar with terminal velocity?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_velocity

A wind tunnel should no give you the results that you expect, because the airstream velocity naturally adjusts to the coefficient of drag (Cd) for each chute-vent configuration.
Oh, so the drag coefficient stays constant in a wind tunnel while the terminal velocity is the one that differs? Is there any other method I can use to find out the effect on the drag coefficient without wind tunnels?
 
Yes, that is the way it works.
I don’t know other ways than experimenting and measuring terminal velocity for each case.
Let’s wait for members with experience in simulation.
 
You need only build one parachute with a too small vent hole. Measure the terminal velocity, enlarge the hole, measure again, repeat. Terminal velocity is easy to measure with a cell phone video camera, and software that allows you count the number of frames as it passes two marks a known distance apart. The marks can be as simple as the top and bottom of a window in the building where you drop it off an upper floor.

Note that you need the experimental results to calibrate and verify the simulation. And if you have the experimental results, do you still need the simulation?

Some good information on parachutes and vent areas: https://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/...ighenti_Duffen_Head_Vented_Parachutes_MQP.pdf. The book Fluid-Dynamic Drag, by Sighard F. Hoerner has a few pages on parachutes. Good search terms to find more good stuff are drag characteristics of parachutes.
 
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jrmichler said:
You need only build one parachute with a too small vent hole. Measure the terminal velocity, enlarge the hole, measure again, repeat. Terminal velocity is easy to measure with a cell phone video camera, and software that allows you count the number of frames as it passes two marks a known distance apart. The marks can be as simple as the top and bottom of a window in the building where you drop it off an upper floor.

Note that you need the experimental results to calibrate and verify the simulation. And if you have the experimental results, do you still need the simulation?

Some good information on parachutes and vent areas: https://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/...ighenti_Duffen_Head_Vented_Parachutes_MQP.pdf. The book Fluid-Dynamic Drag, by Sighard F. Hoerner has a few pages on parachutes. Good search terms to find more good stuff are drag characteristics of parachutes.
Thank you so much! I will look into these resources. I think I require the simulation to mainly compare both the experimental values and the expected values, so that I can write a reasonable analysis and evaluation. Is there any simulation that can achieve this purpose?
 

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