Forces on Negative Charge in 4-Charge Square System

AI Thread Summary
In a square system with four charges, three positive and one negative, the forces on the negative charge were calculated using Coulomb's Law. The initial calculations yielded a force of 4.58 x 10^-22 N for two of the charges, with additional forces from the diagonal charge needing to be resolved into components. Confusion arose regarding the necessity of multiplying by the ratio of distances in the x and y directions, leading to questions about whether to combine forces directly or break them into components. Ultimately, the correct approach involves either resolving the diagonal charge into components or using Pythagorean theorem for the net force. The discussion emphasizes the importance of careful computation and understanding of vector addition in electrostatics.
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Four point charges, each of magnitude 5.5\muC, are placed at the corners of a square 76.5 cm on a side. The value of Coulomb's constant is 8.9875 x 10^9 Nm^2/C^2. If three of the charges are positive and one is negative, find the magnitude of the force experienced by the negative charge. Answer in units of N.

First I drew a free body diagram and found that the negative charge would be attracted to all of the other charges. So then I used Coulomb's Law.
F_14= 1/4\pi\epsilon_o * (5.5 x 10^-6 *5.5 x 10^-6)/ .765^2. I know that E_o = 8.85 x 10^-12, by setting 8.9875 x 10^9= 1/4\pi \epsilon_o.
Solving this gave me 4.58 x 10^-22.
This would be the force for 2 of the charges, since all of the charges and distances are equal, except one force is in the x-direction, and the other is in the y-direction.
Next I solved for the other force, which would be the diagonal from the negative charge. I found the distance between the two charges to be 1.08 m by using the pythagorean theorem.
I split it up into x and y components and used Coulomb's Law.
In the x-direction:
F= 1/4\pi \epsilon_0 * (5.5 x 10^-6 * 5.5 x 10^-6) / 1.08^2 * (.765/1.08). and I got 1.83 x 10^-11.
Since it is a square, I got the y-direction to be the exact same thing.
Then I added together the components for both parts to get 1.83 x 10^-11 in both directions. Then I did the \sqrt (1.83 x 10^-11)^2 +(1.83 x 10^-11)^2 for my final force and found it to be 2.59 x 10^-11, which isn't right. Can someone help me? thanks in advance.
 
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1/4\pi \epsilon_0 * (5.5 x 10^-6 * 5.5 x 10^-6) / 1.08^2 * (.765/1.08).

This does not seem right. The distance of the diagonal is 1.08 m, but why multiply by 0.765/1.08?

Since the two + charges on the adjacent legs are equally apart and perpendicular, the net force will be along the diagonal.
 
I multiplied it by .765/1.08 because that is what the sin/cos is equal to. I thought I needed to have that for the x and y directions.
Do I just take that part out from each of the forces I calculated and add everything together?
I'm confused on where to go from here.
 
I got .465 N on my calculator, for the nearby charges.
You know that the Force by the farther charge is LESS ...

Re-key your computation!

the Coulomb constant k = 9E9 Nm^2/C^2 is easier to use than epsilon ...
 
Ok I got the .465 for the two nearest charges, and I got .233 for the charge that is furthest away. Do I add these together? Or do I need to break the one that's furthest into components?
 
Do you want the answer in (F_x , F_y) components, or magnitude?
Either split the small one into x,y (before adding to the big ones);
or add the two big ones by Pythagoras (before adding to the small one)
 
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