An electric field is a physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles and exerts a force on other charged particles within the field. It is represented by electric field lines and can be either positive or negative.
The electric field at a certain point is calculated by dividing the force acting on a test charge by the magnitude of the test charge. This is represented by the equation E = F/Q, where E is the electric field, F is the force, and Q is the test charge.
Electric potential is the amount of work required to move a test charge from one point to another in an electric field, while electric field is the force exerted on a charge within a field. Essentially, electric potential is a scalar quantity while electric field is a vector quantity.
The strength of an electric field is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of the field. This means that as distance increases, the electric field weakens.
Electric fields have many practical applications, such as in household appliances, electronic devices, and power lines. They are also used in medical equipment, such as MRI machines, and in the development of new technologies, such as wireless charging.