Electrons move in a long solenoid due to the presence of a magnetic field. When a current is passed through the solenoid, it creates a magnetic field that exerts a force on the electrons, causing them to move in a circular path around the solenoid.
The direction of electron motion in a long solenoid is perpendicular to both the direction of the current and the direction of the magnetic field. This is known as the right-hand rule, where the thumb represents the direction of the current, the fingers represent the direction of the magnetic field, and the palm represents the direction of the electron motion.
Yes, the speed of the electron changes in a long solenoid due to the magnetic force exerted on it. As the electron moves in a circular path, it experiences a centripetal force that keeps it in motion. This results in a constant change in velocity, but the speed remains the same.
The number of turns in a solenoid affects the strength of the magnetic field. As the number of turns increases, the magnetic field also increases, resulting in a stronger force on the electrons. This causes the electrons to move in a tighter, faster circular path.
The strength of the magnetic field is directly proportional to the radius of electron motion in a long solenoid. This means that as the magnetic field increases, the radius of the electron's circular path also increases. This relationship is described by the equation F=qvB, where F is the magnetic force, q is the charge of the electron, v is the velocity, and B is the magnetic field strength.