Entropy change of a bullet hitting water

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the change in entropy when a lead bullet, weighing 10 grams and traveling at 500 m/s, strikes a large volume of water. The bullet's initial temperature is 150 degrees Celsius, while the water is at 25 degrees Celsius. The kinetic energy of the bullet is calculated to be 1250 J, which is converted into thermal energy upon impact. Ultimately, the bullet and water reach thermal equilibrium at 25 degrees Celsius, allowing for the determination of entropy change using the equation ΔS = δQ/T.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of kinetic energy calculations (K = 1/2 mv²)
  • Familiarity with the concept of entropy and its calculation (ΔS = δQ/T)
  • Knowledge of thermal equilibrium and heat transfer principles
  • Basic thermodynamics concepts related to state functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of heat transfer and thermal energy absorption
  • Learn about the laws of thermodynamics, particularly the second law
  • Explore advanced entropy calculations in thermodynamic systems
  • Investigate real-world applications of entropy change in phase transitions
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Students in physics or engineering, educators teaching thermodynamics, and anyone interested in the principles of energy transfer and entropy in physical systems.

KaiserBrandon
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Homework Statement


Calculate the change in entropy when a lead bullet of mass 10 grams traveling at 500 m/s hits a very large volume of water. Assume that the bullet was initially at 150 degrees Celsius and the water was at 25 degrees Celsius.


Homework Equations


K=\frac{1}{2}\,{{\it mv}}^{2}
\Delta S={\frac {\delta Q}{T}}

The Attempt at a Solution


So I calculated the kinetic energy of the bullet to be 1250J. If the bullet is stopped by the water, that 1250J becomes thermal energy. Now this is where I'm stuck. I'm not exactly sure how to determine how much of that thermal energy is absorbed by the bullet, and how much by the water.
 
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KaiserBrandon said:
I'm not exactly sure how to determine how much of that thermal energy is absorbed by the bullet, and how much by the water.

In the end, it's all absorbed by the water, and the bullet also ends up at 25 degrees C. And since entropy is a state function, you don't need to worry about intermediate temperatures. Does this help?
 
ok, I wasn't sure if the system was allowed to reach equilibrium or not.
 

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