Equations of motion from Born-Infeld Lagrangian

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around deriving the equations of motion from the Born-Infeld Lagrangian, specifically focusing on the form of the equations in empty space. Participants explore the application of the Euler-Lagrange equation to this Lagrangian and the implications of the definitions of the field strength tensor.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents the Born-Infeld Lagrangian and seeks guidance on applying the Euler-Lagrange equation to derive the equations of motion.
  • Another participant provides the form of the Euler-Lagrange equation relevant to the discussion and references standard texts for further understanding of covariant Maxwell equations.
  • A participant expresses confusion regarding the notation of the field strength tensor and attempts to manipulate the expressions involving it.
  • Another participant emphasizes the importance of understanding ordinary electrodynamics and suggests consulting a textbook for foundational knowledge.
  • One participant corrects a misunderstanding about the notation used for the field strength tensor, clarifying the role of commas in the expression.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants exhibit a mix of agreement on the need for foundational knowledge in electrodynamics, while there is disagreement and confusion regarding the notation and application of the field strength tensor in the context of the Born-Infeld Lagrangian.

Contextual Notes

Some participants express uncertainty about the manipulation of the Lagrangian and the implications of the field strength tensor definitions. There are unresolved questions about the application of the Euler-Lagrange equation specific to the Born-Infeld Lagrangian.

OhNoYaDidn't
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We can write the Born-Infeld Lagrangian as:

L_{BI}=1 - \sqrt{ 1+\frac{1}{2}F_{\mu\nu }F^{\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{16}\left(F_{\mu\nu}\widetilde{F}^{\mu\nu} \right)^{2}}

with G^{\mu\nu}=\frac{\partial L}{\partial F_{\mu\nu}} how can we show that in empty space the equations of motion take the form \partial_{\mu}G^{\mu\nu}=0
We should start with an Euler-Lagrange equation, but how can i write it for this Lagrangian?
 
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The EL equation for this case is
$$\partial_{\nu}\frac{\partial L}{\partial A_{\mu,\nu}}=0$$
where ##A_{\mu,\nu}=\partial_{\nu}A_{\mu}##. Using ##F_{\mu\nu}=A_{\nu,\mu}-A_{\mu,\nu}##, the rest should be straightforward. See also Jackson to see how covariant Maxwell equations are derived for ordinary ##F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}## action. For other details about Born Infeld see Zwiebach - A First Course in String Theory.
 
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Thank you, Demystifier.
I have never seen F_{\mu\nu} written like that, but using that:
F_{\mu\nu}F^{\mu\nu}=(A_{\nu\mu}-A_{\mu\nu})(A^{\nu\mu}-A^{\mu\nu})=A_{\nu\mu}A^{\nu\mu}-A_{\nu\mu}A^{\mu\nu}-A_{\mu\nu}A^{\nu\mu}+A_{\mu\nu}A^{\mu\nu}
(F_{\mu\nu}\widetilde{F}^{\mu\nu})^{2}=((A_{\nu\mu}-A_{\mu\nu})\widetilde{F}^{\mu\nu})^{2}

\frac{\partial L}{\partial A_{\mu\nu}} = \frac{-\frac{1}{4}({-A^{\nu\mu}+A^{\mu\nu}})+\frac{1}{16}A_{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu}(\widetilde{F}^{\mu\nu})^{2}}{\sqrt{ 1+\frac{1}{2}F_{\mu\nu }F^{\mu\nu}-\frac{1}{16}\left(F_{\mu\nu}\widetilde{F}^{\mu\nu} \right)^{2}}}
What do i do with the \partial_{\nu} now?
 
OhNoYaDidn't said:
I have never seen F_{\mu\nu} written like that
Than you should first learn ordinary electrodynamics. See the Jackson's textbook.
 
OhNoYaDidn't said:
using that

You left out the commas. Look closely at what Demystifier posted; there are commas, so it's ##F_{\mu \nu} = A_{\nu , \mu} - A_{\mu , \nu}##. The commas are partial derivatives, so what he wrote is the same as ##F_{\mu \nu} = \partial_\mu A_\nu - \partial_\nu A_\mu##.

As Demystifier said, you need a good background in ordinary electrodynamics for the topic under discussion.
 
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