Find potential energy function and show that it is proportional to displacement

In summary, to find the potential energy function for a spring with the origin placed at the wall and unstretched length L, one must integrate the force of the spring (-kx) and make the result negative. The textbook solution also includes a constant C, but it differs from the attempted solution in that it also includes a term of -kLx, which takes into account the distance from the wall. This potential function is proportional to the square of the amount that the spring is stretched or compressed.
  • #1
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Homework Statement


Find the potential energy function for a spring if the origin is placed at the wall and the unstretched length of the spring is L. Show that with a suitable choice of the constant, this potential function is proportional to the square of the amount that the spring is stretched or compressed.

Homework Equations


F = d(h(x))/dx (F = force function)
U(x) = -h(x) (U(x) is potential energy function)

The Attempt at a Solution



Force of the spring
F = -kx

I integrated F and made the result negative to get the potential energy function
kx2/2 + C

But the Textbook solution is:
kx2/2 - kLx + C

How do I get -kLx? Also, I'm not sure about how I should start the second part of the problem.
 
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  • #2
x is the distance from the wall, so the force is -k(x-L).
 

1. What is a potential energy function?

A potential energy function is a mathematical function that describes the potential energy of a system or object in terms of its position or configuration. It can be used to calculate the potential energy at any given point in space.

2. How do you find a potential energy function?

To find a potential energy function, you first need to identify the forces acting on the system or object. Then, you can use the principles of energy conservation and calculus to derive the function from the force equation.

3. What is the relationship between potential energy and displacement?

Potential energy is directly proportional to displacement. This means that as the displacement of an object increases, its potential energy also increases. This can be seen in the equation for potential energy, which includes a displacement term.

4. How is potential energy related to the stability of a system?

The potential energy of a system is directly related to its stability. A system with a lower potential energy is considered more stable, as it requires less energy to maintain its current state. A system with a higher potential energy is less stable and is more likely to undergo changes or transitions to a lower energy state.

5. Can potential energy be negative?

Yes, potential energy can be negative. This usually occurs when the reference point for potential energy is chosen to be at a point where the potential energy is zero. In these cases, a negative potential energy represents a lower energy state compared to the reference point.

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