Finding the current through a circuit

In summary: For current to flow through a component there must be a potential difference across that component to drive the current, and there must be a path for the current to follow to return to the source of the potential/current. A "hanging branch" with no exit path has no exit for the current, and no source to provide a potential across it. So no current can flow.
  • #1
eurekameh
210
0
http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/9/94290584.png/

I'm trying to find the current through this circuit.
I tried doing Kirchhoff's current law, but that would lead me to more unknown currents than equations.
Kirchhoff's voltage law also gives me more unknowns than equations.
Simplifying the circuit also doesn't seem to work. There are no parallel or series resistances.
How can I determine the current?
 
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  • #2
eurekameh said:
http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/9/94290584.png/

I'm trying to find the current through this circuit.
I tried doing Kirchhoff's current law, but that would lead me to more unknown currents than equations.
Kirchhoff's voltage law also gives me more unknowns than equations.
Simplifying the circuit also doesn't seem to work. There are no parallel or series resistances.
How can I determine the current?

Here's your circuit drawn large enough for the human eye to perceive :wink:

attachment.php?attachmentid=43338&stc=1&d=1328019650.gif


Is it the current designated by the red arrow that you're trying to find?
 

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  • #3
Thanks. :D
Yes, it is.
 
  • #4
Okay, the first thing you should ask yourself about that current is, "Where is the current going?", and second, "Is there a circuit (closed loop)?"
 
  • #5
The current is going through the right-most resistor.
And yes, this is a circuit, if that's what you're asking?
 
  • #6
eurekameh said:
The current is going through the right-most resistor.
But to WHERE? Where can that current go?
And yes, this is a circuit, if that's what you're asking?
Not quite. Is the rightmost resistor part of a circuit (a closed loop wherein current can flow from some source, through the circuit, and back again to the source)?
 
  • #7
The current can flow to other resistors that may not be shown.
Ah.
I'm guessing the current must be 9 A, since the right-most resistor is not part of the circuit and hence, all of the 9 A through the circuit (closed loop) must be leaving the circuit.
 
  • #8
eurekameh said:
The current can flow to other resistors that may not be shown.

Resistors that are not shown don't exist unless the problem states explicitly that there is something beyond the end terminal, in which case they would also have to give you the numerical value of the current I.

Ah.
I'm guessing the current must be 9 A, since the right-most resistor is not part of the circuit and hence, all of the 9 A through the circuit (closed loop) must be leaving the circuit.

No, all the current from the current source can ONLY flow back to the current source... There is no other closed path available. Current sources must reclaim exactly the same amount of current that they produce -- what flows out of the top of the current source must be exactly and identically balanced by what flows back into its bottom.
 
  • #9
If all the current flows back into its current source, doesn't that mean that I = 0 A?
 
  • #10
eurekameh said:
If all the current flows back into its current source, doesn't that mean that I = 0 A?

Yes, yes it does :smile:

Open connections never carry current (at least, not any steady-state current).
 
  • #11
Does that mean that no current ever touches that wire? - Because my intuitive understanding of it is that it does.
 
  • #12
eurekameh said:
Does that mean that no current ever touches that wire? - Because my intuitive understanding of it is that it does.

For current to flow through a component there must be a potential difference across that component to drive the current, and there must be a path for the current to follow to return to the source of the potential/current. A "hanging branch" with no exit path has no exit for the current, and no source to provide a potential across it. So no current can flow.

attachment.php?attachmentid=43375&stc=1&d=1328111597.gif
 

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1. How do you calculate the current through a circuit?

The current through a circuit can be calculated using Ohm's law, which states that current (I) is equal to voltage (V) divided by resistance (R). So, the formula for calculating current is I = V/R.

2. What is the unit of measurement for current?

The unit of measurement for current is ampere (A), which is a measure of the rate of flow of electric charge. It is named after the French mathematician and physicist André-Marie Ampère.

3. Can the current through a circuit change?

Yes, the current through a circuit can change depending on the voltage and resistance in the circuit. If the voltage or resistance increases, the current will also increase. Similarly, if the voltage or resistance decreases, the current will decrease.

4. How does the number of components in a circuit affect the current?

The number of components in a circuit does not directly affect the current. However, adding more components (such as resistors) in series will increase the overall resistance, which will decrease the current. On the other hand, adding more components in parallel will decrease the overall resistance, which will increase the current.

5. What is the difference between AC and DC current?

AC (alternating current) and DC (direct current) are two types of electric current. AC current flows back and forth, while DC current flows in only one direction. Most household appliances use AC current, while batteries and electronic devices use DC current.

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