How Do Impulse and Reaction Turbines Utilize Fluid Mechanics Principles?

AI Thread Summary
Impulse and reaction turbines operate based on fluid mechanics principles, with impulse turbines relying on Newton's second law for energy and momentum transfer. Reaction turbines, however, require a deeper understanding of pressure, velocity, and work done on the rotor, often analyzed through Bernoulli's equation and Newton's third law. The discussion highlights the challenge of applying fluid mechanics concepts to reaction turbines, as traditional teachings often simplify the analysis to a "black box" approach. It emphasizes the importance of understanding how fluid work translates into energy transfer in turbines. Resources such as thermodynamic calculations and specialized literature are recommended for further exploration of these concepts.
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Hi all:I have a question regarding the fluid mechanics of turbine, both impulse and reaction turbines.

I have searched many sites , including my fluid mechanic textbook, and yet I still don't quite understand the physics behind a turbine.Impulse turbine is a bit easier to understand as I can use plain Newtonian mechanics (2nd law) to understand the transfer of energy and momentum.

But for a reaction turbine, although it is essentially Newton's third Law, I am stuck on how to analysis the pressure, velocity and work done on the rotor using strictly fluid mechanics principles (Bernoulli equation etc). I am fully aware that they are still just Newtonian's mechanics, but I would like to understand it in terms of fluid mechanics concepts - and then relate it back to Newtonian's mechanics.

When I took fluid mechanics , all we were taught is to treat the turbine in a fluid flow a "black box" the exert a force in the fluid flow going past it when using Navier Stoke's equation because my professor was more concern with us knowing the idea of the integral and differential momentum equations.
thank you
 
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You can't use Bernoulli's equation. Work is being done by the fluid.
 

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