Gravitational acceleration is the acceleration experienced by an object due to the force of gravity. It is a measure of how quickly an object falls towards the ground.
Gravitational acceleration is calculated by dividing the force of gravity on an object by its mass. It is represented by the symbol "g" and has a constant value of 9.8 m/s² on Earth.
The value of gravitational acceleration on a planet depends on its mass and radius. The larger the mass and radius of a planet, the greater its gravitational acceleration. For example, on Mars, the value of gravitational acceleration is about 3.7 m/s².
The two main factors that affect gravitational acceleration are the distance between two objects and their masses. The closer the objects are and the greater their masses, the stronger the force of gravity and the greater the gravitational acceleration.
The weight of an object is directly proportional to gravitational acceleration. This means that the greater the gravitational acceleration, the greater the weight of an object. This is why objects weigh less on the moon, where the gravitational acceleration is lower than on Earth.