An electric field is defined as the region surrounding a charged particle that exerts force on other charges. To determine the electric field, one can use the equation E = F/q, where F is the force experienced by a charge q. The specific equation for calculating the electric field varies based on the charge configuration, such as point charges, lines of charge, or charged planes. In some cases, the electric field may be provided directly in the problem statement. Understanding these principles is essential for solving related physics problems.