How to calculate water pressure drop in cooling tower piping system?

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To calculate water pressure drop in a cooling tower piping system, the Hazen-Williams equation is typically used for closed circuit chilled water systems. However, for open circuit systems, adjustments may be necessary due to differing conditions like atmospheric pressure at the pump intake and discharge. Factors such as the pump's Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) and temperature variations in the water must also be considered. The equation's parameters, including the Hazen-Williams roughness constant and hydraulic diameter, remain relevant but may require modification based on specific system characteristics. Understanding these nuances is crucial for accurate pressure drop calculations in cooling tower applications.
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TL;DR
calculating water pressure drop in cooling tower piping system
When calculating water pressure drop in chilled water pipisystem (closed circuit) we always use Hazen Williams equation as follow:-
h100ft = 0.2083 x (100 / c)^1.852 x q^1.852 / dh^4.8655
where
h100ft = friction head loss in feet of water per 100 feet of pipe (ft.w/100 ft pipe)
c = Hazen-Williams roughness constant
q = volume flow (gal/min)
dh = inside hydraulic diameter (inches)
but in case of calculating water pressure drop in cooling tower piping system (open circuit), shall we modify something in Hazen Williams equation or shall we use another equation?
 
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Please, see:
https://www.engproguides.com/condenser-water-pump-design.html

Pump intake conditions are atmospheric pressure plus water column (consider pump NPSH to avoid cavitation).
At the end of the hydraulic circuit, you have the sprayers discharging at atmospheric pressure.
Consider also changes of temperature of the water through the pipes circuit.
 

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