Integrate by Parts: Solving \int \ln (x^2 + 1) \, dx

GunnaSix
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Homework Statement


Find or evaluate the integral using substitution first, then using integration by parts.

\int \ln (x^2 + 1) \, dx


The Attempt at a Solution



Let \: u = x^2 + 1

du = 2x \, dx

dx = \pm \frac{du}{2 \sqrt{u - 1}}

Then

\int \ln (x^2 + 1) \, dx = \pm \frac{1}{2} \int \frac{\ln u}{\sqrt{u-1}}\, du

I don't know where to go from here. I tried to integrate by parts and it just turned into a mess. Am I approaching this the wrong way?
 
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I'm not sure what substitution they think you ought to make. It's pretty easy if you apply parts right off regarding the original integral as u*dv where u=ln(1+x^2) and v=x.
 
Got it. Thanks.
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...

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