Integrating Equations with Exponents: A Challenge

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Homework Statement


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Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


Homework Statement





Homework Equations


u = 1+tant
du = sec^2(t) dt
dt = du / sec^2(t)

The Attempt at a Solution



It seems like I should be using substitution in the equation, however the exponent is messing things up for me. I recall from derivatives how they interact with the chain rule, but am not sure how this would work backwards in integration. Something like,

I(u^3)(sec^2(t)) = (u^4/4)((sec^2(t)) (tan(t))

Except I haven't gotten rid of the t variable and now have t and u. Any points are welcome.
 
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Why don't you just substitute u for (1 + tan t) and du for sec^2(t) dt (and take care of the limits of integration, of course)?
 
Ah I see how when I change the limits of integration it removes the nasty sec^2(t) so all I'm left with is the integral of u^3 with u going from 1 to 2. Thanks.
 
There are two things I don't understand about this problem. First, when finding the nth root of a number, there should in theory be n solutions. However, the formula produces n+1 roots. Here is how. The first root is simply ##\left(r\right)^{\left(\frac{1}{n}\right)}##. Then you multiply this first root by n additional expressions given by the formula, as you go through k=0,1,...n-1. So you end up with n+1 roots, which cannot be correct. Let me illustrate what I mean. For this...
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