Interference vs. diffraction patterns

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between interference and diffraction patterns in a two-slit setup. The problem states that the fourth minimum of the interference pattern coincides with the first minimum of the diffraction pattern, leading to the conclusion that the ratio a/d equals 1/4. Key equations used include dsinθ = (m+½)λ for diffraction and asinθ = (m+½)λ for interference. The confusion arose from misapplying the conditions for minima and maxima in the calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of wave optics principles, specifically interference and diffraction.
  • Familiarity with the double-slit experiment and its mathematical conditions.
  • Knowledge of the equations governing single-slit diffraction patterns.
  • Ability to manipulate trigonometric functions and ratios in the context of wave phenomena.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of interference conditions for double slits, focusing on the equations dsinθ = mλ and dsinθ = (m+½)λ.
  • Explore the principles of single-slit diffraction and its mathematical representation, particularly asinθ = mλ and asinθ = (m+½)λ.
  • Investigate the differences between diffraction grating and single-slit diffraction, including practical applications.
  • Practice solving problems involving the relationship between interference and diffraction patterns to reinforce understanding.
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in physics, particularly those studying wave optics, as well as anyone interested in the mathematical relationships between interference and diffraction patterns.

vetgirl1990
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Homework Statement


The centres of two slits of width a are a distance d apart. If the fourth minimum of the interference pattern occurs at the location of the first minimum of the diffraction pattern for light, the ratio a/d is equal to:

ANS: 1/4

Homework Equations


Here are the various interference conditions for interference and diffraction:

Interference conditions for double slit:
MAX: dsinθ = mλ
MIN: dsinθ = (m+½)λ

Diffraction conditions for a single slit:
MAX: asinθ = (m+½)λ
MIN: asinθ = mλ

Diffraction conditions for diffraction grating:
MAX: asinθ = mλ
MIN: asinθ = (m+½)λ

The Attempt at a Solution


I will walk through my reasoning...
I've classified the diffraction component of this problem as diffraction grating rather than diffraction through a single slit, because based on this setup, there are two slits for diffraction to occur through. While we normally see grating in the order of 2500grates/cm, 2grates/cm would still be considered grating.

So based on that logic, the conditions for minimum for both are:
Diffraction: dsinθ = (m+½)λ, where m=1
Interference: asinθ = (m+½)λ, where m=4

Now, when I plug in all the values for m, and cancel out all the similarities (sinθ, λ):
asinθ=(1+½)λ --> a=1.5
dsinθ=(4+½)λ --> d=4.5
The ratio I get for a/d = 1.5/4.5 = ⅓

HOWEVER, I noticed that if I cancel out ½ rather than adding it to m like I did above, then the ratio for a/d=¼.

What am I doing wrong?
 
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vetgirl1990 said:
If the fourth minimum of the interference
Could you please check again in the original problem, is it minimum or maximum?
 
blue_leaf77 said:
Could you please check again in the original problem, is it minimum or maximum?
The original question does indeed say minimum.
 

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