Internal Energy and Temperature Changes When Mechanical Work is Done on a System

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between internal energy and temperature changes in a system when mechanical work is performed on it. The context is rooted in thermodynamics, specifically the First Law, which relates internal energy, heat, and work.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore how mechanical work affects internal energy and temperature, questioning the implications of the First Law of Thermodynamics when work is done on versus by the system.

Discussion Status

There is an ongoing exploration of how internal energy and temperature are affected by mechanical work, with some participants suggesting that work done on the system increases internal energy, while others are questioning the implications of heat transfer and the definitions involved.

Contextual Notes

Some participants assume no heat transfer occurs during the process, which influences their reasoning about internal energy changes. There is also confusion regarding the terminology used in the First Law of Thermodynamics.

nafo man
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Homework Statement


What happens to the internal energy of a system and its temperature when mechanical work is done on it?

Homework Equations


ΔU=Q-W

The Attempt at a Solution


First Law of Thermodynamics say:the change in internal energy of the system is equal to the heat added to the system minus the work done by the system ΔU=Q-W
but what happen to the internal energy and temperature when mechanical work is done ON the system?
 
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As the equation for the 1st law of thermodynamics shows, what happens when mechanical work is done on a system depends also whether heat enters or leaves the system.
 
Last edited:
the part which is confusing me is the 1st law of thermodynamics say,the work is done by the system ,but the question clearly say the work is done on the system.
will it not have effect on the temperature within system?
 
Assume that there is no heat transfer out of, or into, the system.

Then when work is done ON the system, energy must be applied TO the system and hence its internal energy increases.

But when work is done BY the system, energy must be supplied BY the system and hence its internal energy decreases.
 
in that case what would happen to the temperature within system?
 
If the internal energy of the system increases the temperature will increase.
 

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