Internal resistance understanding

[waterliyl]

Hello,
I'm having difficulty trying to understand internal resistance of any component. I don't understand how exactly the internal resistance affects the current and what exactly is the terminal pd?

And for calculating resistance, voltage, pd, emf, current and all those basic things - what are the basic formulas that could help?

Thanks,
Aakeen

 

[Doc Al]

I don't understand how exactly the internal resistance affects the current and what exactly is the terminal pd?

Start here: Battery With Internal Resistance

 

[waterliyl]

Thank you!